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6. Which of the following about cell junctions in epithelial cells is incorrect

  • desmosomes are made of a plaque of protein containing keratin
  • adhesion belts are part of communicating junctions
  • hemi desmosomes link cells down onto the basal lamina
  • desmosomes join adjacent cells together

7. Which of the following are part of more than one lobe

  • speech and movement
  • movement and planning
  • planning and speech
  • speech and orientation

8. Which statement is incorrect

  • long distance chemical signalling is for local chemical mediators secreted by the paracrine system
  • short distance signalling is for neurotransmitters produced by nerve cells
  • short distance signalling is only between adjacent cells across a synapse
  • the target of long distance signalling are cells such as adrenaline and testosterone

9. which of these is a definition of autocrine action

  • hormones which are released only in the immediate vicinity
  • hormones which act on different cells to ones that produce it
  • the hormone acts on the same cell that produced it
  • glands which secrete hormones directly into the blood

10. Which statement is incorrect

  • endocrine, paracrine and nerve cells are linked by the hypothalamus
  • nerve cells with an endocrine function are called neurocrine
  • hormones are slow acting compared to neurotransmitters
  • histamine is a fatty acid derivative

11. Which of these about Parkinsons is correct

  • it affects the substantia nigra which is part of the basal lamina
  • it involves the peptide amyloid B
  • the movement reward pathway is disrupted leading to tremours
  • SSRIs are used as treatment

12. Which of the following is incorrect

  • the LH surge occurs before ovulation and indicates that ovulation has happened
  • negative feedback example is when LH is released from the pituitary gland which stimulates the testis to produce testosterone
  • menopause occurs due to the ovaries running out of oocytes
  • menarche is at around 12 years