the volume of air moved in or out of the lungs during a normal breath
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cardiac output
the amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute
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stroke volume
the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per minute
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heart rate
number of heart beats per minute
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What is Bohr shift?
Changes in the oxygen dissociation curve as a result of carbon dioxide levels
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sympathetic
prepares our body for exercise so increases breathing rate
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parasympathetic
does the opposite decreases breathing rate
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gaseous exchange
movement of molecules from a low to high concentration
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diffusion
movement of molecules from high to the low concentration
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Partial pressure
Partial pressure – pressure exerted by an individual gas when it exists within a mixture of gases e.g. O2 makes up 21% of the air.
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residual volume
the volume of air that remains in the lungs even after maximal exhalation
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Inspiratory Reserve Volume
the volume of air that can be inhaled beyond tidal volume
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Expiratory reserve volume
the volume of air that can be exhale beyond tidal volume
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Pulmonary Ventilation
It is the process of air flowing into the lungs during inspiration (inhalation) and out of the lungs during expiration (exhalation).
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O2 diffusion pathway
alveoli – blood – muscles.
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CO2 diffusion pathway
muscles – blood – alveoli.
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Passage of air
Pharynx,Larynx,trachea,right and left bronchus,secondary bronchi,alveoli
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vital capacity
Vital capacity is the amount of air that the lungs can expel after having been filled completely.
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Minute ventilation
Minute ventilation (or respiratory minute volume or minute volume) is the volume of gas inhaled (inhaled minute volume) or exhaled (exhaled minute volume) from a person's lungs per minute.
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SKELETAL Muscle pump
– increased contraction of muscles press nearby veins (to squeeze blood
back to the heart) (1).
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Pocket valves
help squeeze blood back to the heart
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respiratory pump
– increased breathing rate will alter/change pressure in thoracic cavities/area to
(assist blood flow back to the heart)
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Pocket valves
(located in veins), stop backflow (by closing) and help shunt blood back to heart
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what is myoglobin
has a high affinity and is stored in the muscles
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what is haemoglobin
found in red blood cells and transports o2 to form oxyhaemoglobin
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oxyhaemoglobin dissociation
Oxygen dissociates from the haemoglobin and moves down a pressure gradient to the myoglobin
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causes of bohr shift
Increase in blood temperature, decrease in pH, Increase of co2 partial pressure
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
cardiac output
Back
the amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute
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