Military

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  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 02-01-17 09:44
However, give an example of Athenian meddling with general alcubiades?
-Interested in Socrates, Plato is worried about him and later exiled, -Moves to Sparta and tells Athenian secrets but exiled for sleeping with Spartan Queen, Move to PErsia and tells Spartan secrets but Athens calls him back, and tells both secrets,
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Once returned to Athens, what was his role based on alliances?
He was trying to create alliances across the middle of the Peloponnsia to stop Sparta from marching and attacks Athens again e.g.Aros
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What battle occured n 418BC? Who was it between?
-Battle of Mantinea, -Fought against Athens, Argos and another alley against Sparta
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What unusual Spartan fighting technique did they adopt?
They detached the right hand side of their force so that when the Athenians marched in from above they would also attack from the side,
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Who wins?
Sparta
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When did the Athens attack Syracuse in Italy and why did they do so?
415, -They wtned to be a threat from the West of Peloponnese
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Did they achieve this aim?
Yes and claimed their alleys in Sicily which were treated badly by Syracuse
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Who was in charge of the fleet against Syracuse? However, what happened to him?
Alcubiades, -A couple of days before they were very drunk and decided to cut parts of Hermes, which were mile markers and so exiled,
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What did the Athenians do instead? What was the outcome?
Temporary generals were put in place, -It failed and they blame Alcubiades for the God's anger
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Who did Syracuse appeal for help? what did they send as aid?
-Sparta,- THey sent one man called Gylippus who was put in charge of their army, trained them over the course of 2 years
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Was this successful in their fight against athens?
Yes- It was so successful that the Athenians left the Harbour of Syracuse who then attack them on the sea, and the Athenians are massacred,
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What happens to the Treaty?
THe Athenians had already launched two campaigns and so Sparta calls of the Treaty
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After 17 years of fighting, what did the Spartans realise they needed to do to win?
Cut off the Athenian grain supply
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Who did they go to for help?
The persian Empire for money to build their navy,
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However, what did the Persians want in return?
They wante the Ionian Greeks back in the Persian Empire, who were free before
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What did the Spartans decide to do?
THey were willing to lose their reputation of freedom and equlity to defeat the Athenians, so accepted,
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What Persian leader played the Spartans? What was his goal and how did he try and achieve this?
Tissaphernes, -They wanted Athens and Sparta to fight each other to oblivion, -They gave money enough that the Spartans could fight Athens, but not enough for success,
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However, the Spartans were fearful so what did they decide to do?
They decided they should obtain the money for the navy themselves,
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How did the Athenians respond to the Persian influence in 411?
Meetinf of the people in Athens- They decided to attempt to appease the Persian King and become an oligarchy. Democracy votes democracy out.
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However, what was the problem with this action?
It leads to revolt and uprising with the aristocrats and the people. However, they couldn't revert back to democracy and so a mini Civil War occured,
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What happens between 410 and 411 with Sparta?
The Spartans continue to gain money from Persia, and a series of naval battles occur,
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When is another agreement made with Persia and Sparta involving General Lisander and what?
407BC, -Comes to agreement with Persia's son- They will back Sparta and give them enough funds to crush Athens in return for Ionian Greek lands,
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What does this lead to against Athens?
In 407, the Athenian fleet is defeated for the first time during a fleet attack,
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However, what poor move does Sparta make involving generals?
Lysander is removed and replaced by Callicratidas who snubbed the money from Persia King's son, and sailed North with fewer ships and defeated,
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What was the consequence of this?
Callicratidas killed in battle, 70 Spartan ships destroyed and Persian money stopped,
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As the Athenians had lost many men in battle and storm after, what ddi they decide to do with their generals?
They put 8/10 of the Generals on trial for the disastrous battle, and 6 were executed despite being successful,
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How does Lisander win the war for Sparta?
-He gains more moeny from the Persians, more ships and more sailors, -He destroyed every Athenian ship which was unprepared and cuts off grain supply and they surrender,
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How long has it taken the Athenians to surrender?
27 years
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However, overall who were the real winners?
Persians as they spend a tiny portion of their wealth for influence over the Greeks, more land and resources,
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What do the Spartans created in 377 after winning the War in 404?
They create the Second Athenian League,
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What did Sparta attempt to do within this League?
He attempted to subdue the states again, despite them being known as a great liberator,
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However, in 371 who defeats Sparta at what battle?
-Thebes, -battle of Leuctra,
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What is one reason why the Theban forces defeat Sparta?
Due to their sacred band where they introduce homsosexual couples into battles with each other, leading to better fighting,
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What the Thebes do after this victory?
They marched couth and freed the Helots and Perioeci,
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When do the Thebans again defeat Sparta at what battle?
362, -Battle of Mantinea,
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Who became the dominant power in Greece?
While Thebes won, such a loss of life through death fo man power meant there was no major dominant power,
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For the Hellenistic period, what Empire was growing/
The Roman Empire- It began expanding in 250BC,
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Who were defeated by Rome, and what colonial places did this mean they could take?
-Carolingians, -North Africa, Spain, Sicily and Corsica,
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When does Greece get conquered by the ROmans?
140BC,
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What state did the Romans destroy before this conquering as a warning to the Greeks? What effect did it have?
-146BC, -Corinth destroyed, -It worked as various Kings decided to give into ROme.
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Give an example of the Kings of Greece giving into ROme?
133BC- King Attalus III left his kingdom to Rome in his will,
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Once returned to Athens, what was his role based on alliances?

Back

He was trying to create alliances across the middle of the Peloponnsia to stop Sparta from marching and attacks Athens again e.g.Aros

Card 3

Front

What battle occured n 418BC? Who was it between?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What unusual Spartan fighting technique did they adopt?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who wins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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