Marxism

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TRADITIONAL MARXISM - What is the word for when the Capitalist system causes crime?
Criminogenic
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How does a criminogenic system cause working-class crime?
1) Poverty means that the utilitarian crime is the only way some working-class people can survive. 2) Alienation & lack of control over their lives, leads to frustration and non-utilitarian crimes.
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How does a criminogenic system cause middle-class crime?
1) Competition between business owners, because of the importance of profit & money. This causes white-collar crime.
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Who thought that crime could perform ideological functions for the ruling-class?
Frank Pearce
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How can crime perform ideological functions for the ruling class?
Although laws are occasionally passed that appear to be for the benefit of w-class people, these laws mostly benefit m-class. For example: health & safety laws keep workers safe... which ensures the m-class get profit.
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What is Selective Law Enforcement?
Where the CJS is biased, so therefore tends to ignore the crime committed by the middle-class, and focuses more on crimes committed by target groups (young people, working-class, ethnic minorities)
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Which study gives evidence to this?
Carson's study of 200 firms. They had all broken health & safety rules at least once, yet only 1.5% of those cases had resulted in prosecution.
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What is a negative evaluation point of Traditional Marxism?
Different Capitalist societies have different crime rates; Japan has a lower crime rate than in the US. Therefore, Marxist theories cannot be generalised.
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NEO-MAXISM - Which theories did Neo-Marxists combine?
Marxism and Labelling Theory (Interactionist)
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Who is the main Neo-Marxist name?
Taylor et al
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What do Taylor et al argue?
That crime is a rational choice. Although the wider origins (the unfairness of the social system) can cause crime, the person's immediate origins (the specific context) affects it too. Also, the media & labelling can cause deviance amplification.
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What is a negative evaluation point about Neo-Marxism?
Some non-utilitarian crime is irrational and therefore is not a choice, for example: drunk crimes
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How does a criminogenic system cause working-class crime?

Back

1) Poverty means that the utilitarian crime is the only way some working-class people can survive. 2) Alienation & lack of control over their lives, leads to frustration and non-utilitarian crimes.

Card 3

Front

How does a criminogenic system cause middle-class crime?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who thought that crime could perform ideological functions for the ruling-class?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How can crime perform ideological functions for the ruling class?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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