manditory exam

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  • Created by: homer00
  • Created on: 16-06-17 15:06
Define ethology
the scientific study of animal behaviour
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compare normal with abnormal behaviour
normal-Expected behaviour patterns in animals that are physically and psychologically healthy, abnormal-an animal that is acting in a way that it shouldn't
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define and give an example for hyperactivity
exsessive activity that may be shown by fidgeting, jumpiness, nervousness or ecessive movement. eg-dog been left for too long
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define and give an example for hyper-aggression
over aggressive.eg-wounded animal
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define and give an example for excessive inactivity
extreamly inactive.eg illness
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define and give an example for displacement behaviour
the behaviour of the animal is inappropriate for the stimuli, normally this occurs when an animal is torn between 2 conflicting drives. eg-animal defending it's territory
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define and give an example for stereotypical behaviour
repeated behaviour that have no obvious function. Lion pacing/head swinging
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define 'wild'
an animal that has not actually confined or cultivated by humans
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define 'captive'
A term used to describe the keeping of either domestic animals or wild animals
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define 'domestic'
selectivly bred by humans for particular traits
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what did Lorenz do to contribute to the study of animal behaviour?
Austrian zoollogist, founder of the study of animal behaviour by means of comparative zoological methods
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what did Darwin do to contribute to the study of animal behaviour?
English naturalist-foundder of theTheory of Evolution by natural selection
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what did Tinbergen do to contribute to the study of animal behaviour?
Co-funder of modern ethology. Developed 4 questions he believed should be asked of any behaviour shown by animals
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What are Darwins 4 questions?
Causation, Ontogeny, Function and Evolutionary History
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differencebetween focal and scan sampling
Focal-Observing an individual for a certian amount of time and recording its behaviour. Scan-A group of animals are scanned at regular intervals and the behaviour of each one is recorded
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limitations between focal and scan sampling
Focal-bbehaviour of other animals would be missed. Scan-is good for looking at what is going on in an enclosure
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what is an ethogram
A comprhensive list or discription of the animals behaviours of an organism
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Difference between frequencies and durations?
Frequency-how oftern something happens. Duration-how longsomething happens
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Why has aninimal behaviour evolved and what do animals need to compete for and why?
Animals need to compete for food, territory and mates. If animals can reproduce, their genes and characteristics will be passed on to their offspring
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What are behvioural adaptations
learned/inherited behaviours that help organisms to survive
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What is the difference between natural and nurtured behaviour
nature-behaviours that are inherited. Nurture-behaviour influenced by souroundings
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define Brood Parasitism
Organisms that rely on others to raise their young
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Describe symbiotic relationships
Mutually beneficial relationship
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define nocternal
active at night
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define diurnal
out during the day
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define crepuscular
active in twilight
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why have some animals evolved over time to be nocternal
reduces the risk or it getting eatern by preditors
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Difference between development and evolution
development-happens to an individual, happens quickly, go through growth. Evolution-happens to a population, happens gradually, directional change
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difference between learned and innate bahaviour
innate-genetically determined, canoccur immediatly after birth. Lerned-vary between individuals, modification of responces as a result of an experience
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define habituation
decrease the responciveness to a stimuli as a result of repeated exposure
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define evolution
the process which different types of organism are believed to have developedd frome ither forms during the history of the earth
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define natural selection
the process which organisms are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
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define adaption
An adjustment that occurs in animals in respect to their environment
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define mutations
a change in the structure or the amount of genetic material of an organism
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Darwins theory of evolution means evolution is only succsessful when animals do what?
Animals survive until reproductive age, animals produce offspring which go to produce offspring, animals overcome food shortages, preditors and sexual rivals
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define domestication
A population of animals is changed through a selection process, in order to accenturate traits that benefit humans
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name 5 major animals that have been domesticated
cattle, pig, sheep, goat, horse, dog
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name the 4 stages of domestication
Capture, taming, successful housing, selective breeding
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define selective breeding and name the 3 stages of the process
Choose traits, choose parents, select best offspring
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What is a hereditary condition?
Conditions capable of being transmitted from parent to offspring through the genes
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What arecommercial animals and what categories of an animal can be commercial
Animals are bred/kept for profit, what tey can produce and what they can provide for humans
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define Primary animal products
Products that come directly from animals
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define secondary products
by-products or processed/manufactured
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define a working animal
Animals that are kept by humans and trained to do specific tasks
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give 3 examples of draught animals
logging elephants, pack animals, harness animals, riding animals
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Give 3 categories of woring animals used for their sences
gun dogs, catsand terriers, ferrets, brids of prey,
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Give an example of an animal used for military and police pourposes
Dogs-sniffer dogs, Law enforcement, scouts. Horses-ceremonial duties, police horses
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The main aim of the Animal Wefare Act 2006
Places a duty of care on people to make sure they are responcible
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

compare normal with abnormal behaviour

Back

normal-Expected behaviour patterns in animals that are physically and psychologically healthy, abnormal-an animal that is acting in a way that it shouldn't

Card 3

Front

define and give an example for hyperactivity

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

define and give an example for hyper-aggression

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

define and give an example for excessive inactivity

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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