Maguire et al.'s Study of Taxi Drivers' Brains

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1. What is VBM?

  • Using a template based on 13 of the control group to measure the grey matter in the hippocampi
  • Measuring the grey matter visible in at least 26 slices of each hippocampi
  • A brain scanning technique that was used to determine the mass of grey matter in the hippocampi to ensure concurrent validity
  • A test on spatial awareness taken by all participants. They were marked out of 50
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2. How did the researchers test to make sure that the independent variable was what affected the dependent variable?

  • Some of the control group consisted of people who had taken "The Knowledge" but not become taxi drivers
  • A correlational analysis found that the longer a person had been a taxi driver, the larger their hippocampal grey matter in the area affecting spatial navigation
  • They didn't
  • The data had concurrent validity with previously established research

3. What was the independent variable

  • Whether or not the participant was a taxi driver
  • The mean mass of the participant's hippocampi
  • Whether or not the participant had passed "The Knowledge"
  • The time the taxi driver had been driving post "The Knowledge"

4. Which of these structures is believed to be the sole hippocampal cause for spatial navigation?

  • Anterior Hippocampus
  • Posterior Hippocampus
  • Right Anterior Hippocampus
  • Left Posterior Hippocampus

5. How was varying brain size taken into account?

  • Participants were matched for similar skull cirumference
  • By correcting for intracranial volume
  • It wasn't
  • Participants were assume to have similar sized skulls, so the difference was considered negligible
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