The Dualist approach says that humans are made up of two parts a body and soul/mind.
1 of 26
Monism
The Monist approach suggests the soul cannot be separated from the body - Humans are a unity and it is a unity that survives death (if at all).
2 of 26
What are most monists?
Materialists. Who state only physical existence is possible and so if a person lives on after death it has to be in a physical form such as resurrection.
3 of 26
What is Immortality of the soul?
There is a non-physical element of human existence which will survive the bodily death.
4 of 26
What does immortality of the soul depend on?
Dualism
5 of 26
Which philosophers suggested dualism?
Plato (in his theories about the soul) and Descartes (in his theories about the mind).
6 of 26
What is a theory that relies on the existence of an immortal soul?
Reincarnation.
7 of 26
What is reincarnation?
The belief that the soul of a person is reincarnated after death into a new body.
8 of 26
Does reincarnation belong to any religion?
No and many believe in an immortal soul without being religious.
9 of 26
What can be considered evidence of reincarnation?
Evidence may include mediums, parapsychology and NDEs.
10 of 26
Who rejects reincarnation?
Materialists.
11 of 26
What does reincarnation literally mean?
To take on flesh again.
12 of 26
What religions belief in reincarnation?
Sikhs and Hindus.
13 of 26
What does reincarnation depend upon?
Belief in an immortal and eternal soul (atman) that passes from existence to existence depending upon the kind of life lived.
14 of 26
What do Hindus use reincarnation for?
To explain the presence of physical, social, financial and other inequality amongst humans.
15 of 26
What do Hindus believe is the goal of life?
To escape the cycle of reincarnation (samsara) and achieve unity (moksha) with Brahman, the ultimate reality.
16 of 26
What do Buddhists believe?
They believe in rebirth.
17 of 26
What is rebirth?
Rebirth rejects the idea of an eternal soul but speaks of a consciousness that is generated by experiences and the life stream.
18 of 26
What happens to the 'consciousness' upon death?
Consciousness has become attached to life and raves to continue and so attaches itself to another body.
19 of 26
How to you escape from Rebirth?
When you attain nirvana or enlightenment - through meditation and following the dharma
20 of 26
What happens when nirvana is reached?
The person overcomes the cravings that propel the consciousness on so it dissolves back into the life stream that is present in all things.
21 of 26
What must Buddhists come to terms with?
The idea that the self or personality is an illusion.
22 of 26
What religions belief in Resurrection?
Christians, Muslims and Jews
23 of 26
What is Resurrection?
The idea that God will raise the dead back to life at the end of days (eschaton) and judge them.
24 of 26
What will happen to people on Resurrection?
The righteous will form an eternal Kingdom of God from which sinners will be excluded.
25 of 26
Is Resurrection monist or dualist?
Normally a monist view (Resurrection of body and soul) but some people take a dualist approach (Resurrection of the soul)
26 of 26
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The Monist approach suggests the soul cannot be separated from the body - Humans are a unity and it is a unity that survives death (if at all).
Back
Monism
Card 3
Front
Materialists. Who state only physical existence is possible and so if a person lives on after death it has to be in a physical form such as resurrection.
Back
Card 4
Front
There is a non-physical element of human existence which will survive the bodily death.
Comments
No comments have yet been made