Describe the conditions for the hydrolysis of polyesters.
Hot (aq) acid or hot (aq) alkali - acid is slower - with water, reflux. Acid is reversible, alkali is non-reversible (saponification).
7 of 22
Describe the conditions for the hydrolysis of polyamides.
Hot (aq) acid or hot (aq) alkali - acid is slower - with water
8 of 22
What is poly(glycol acid) made of and what can it be used for?
Sugar cane and unripe grapes, stitches
9 of 22
What can plastics be made from?
Potato starch and cellulose
10 of 22
In a gas chromatograph, what is the area under the graph proportional to?
The amount of the compound in the sample
11 of 22
Name a solvent used for NMR and why?
CDCl3 - unreactive, volatile and so easily removed from sample, no peak
12 of 22
What is nitrobenzene used for?
Explosives, pharmaceuticals, dyes
13 of 22
What is phenol used for?
Paints, plastics, disinfectants, antiseptics.
14 of 22
What are natural sources of arenas?
Crude oil and coal
15 of 22
Where are natural sources of benzene found?
Volcanoes, forest fires
16 of 22
How does increasing the length of a hydrocarbon chain in an alcohol affect solubility in water and why?
Hchain is non-polar and does not interact with H2O, disrupts the hydrogen bonding network, decreases solubility
17 of 22
In a triglyceride, what does this mean 16:2 (6,3)?
16 carbons, 2 double C=C bonds, position of bonds
18 of 22
Why are trans fats harmful?
Behave like saturated fats, increasing LDL concentration in the body
19 of 22
Why are cis fatty acids liquids?
Cannot pack closely together (found mainly in plants)
20 of 22
How is biodiesel made?
Transesterification - methanol/ethanol + triglyceride + Na/KOH catalyst => glycerol + biodiesel. Glycerol can be used for pharmaceuticals or cosmetics, improving atom economy.
21 of 22
What is a natural source of biodiesel?
Rapeseed oil
22 of 22
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the conditions for this reaction? Halogenoalkane => Alcohol
Back
H2O/NaOH, reflux
Card 3
Front
What word describes the conversion of amines into diazo compounds?
Back
Card 4
Front
Will different R-groups on alpha-amino acids effect the isoelectric point?
Back
Card 5
Front
What can poly(lactic acid) be made from and why is it a useful polymer?
Comments
No comments have yet been made