Jean Aitchison
The ways words come into our language, especially with the rise of technology
POTENTIAL: need for a word arises
IMPLEMENTATION: word begins to be used by an individual
DIFFUSION: words begin to spread through groups
CODIFICATION: words are
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S-curve
Chen
1968 and 1972
Changes begin gradually, speed up, and then slows down again
can be applied to neologisms, sound change, new expressions, or grammatical construction
does not happen to all words
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Wave Model
C J Bailey
1973
how changes weaken across particular geographical region, social groups and time periods
goes from strong frequency use in their origin to progressively weaker in other groups
some words do not spread so the model cannot apply to this
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sapir-whorf hypothesis
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf
Hypothesised that the language we use determines how we think
this suggests that language controls our thoughts
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Linguistic reflectionalism
Loftus and Palmer
Suggests that language impacts on our thoughts and reflects our society, but does not completely determine how we think
Conducted a study into the impact of the use of verbs in a question
Participants watched the same video of a car cras
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Metaphors of prescriptivism
Jean Aitchison
Damp Spoon: non-standard is caused by laziness
Crumbling Castle: in a process of decay
Infectious Disease: non-standard is caught
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
S-curve
Back
Chen
1968 and 1972
Changes begin gradually, speed up, and then slows down again
can be applied to neologisms, sound change, new expressions, or grammatical construction
does not happen to all words
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