Which linguists created the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?
Edward Sapir and Benjamin-Lee Whorf
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What did the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis outline?
Language controls thought
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What did the 'strong version' of the hypothesis suggest?
That we can only think things that we have the language to articulate
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What did the 'weak version' of the hypothesis suggest?
Language can only influence thought, not control it
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How does the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis link to language change?
As our society changes and develops, so do our thoughts and henceforth our language
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Which linguist created the Lexical Gaps Theory?
None
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What did the Lexical Gaps theory outline?
New words are coined that fit existing linguistic patterns
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What is an important part of the lexical gaps theory?
Verbing
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How does the Lexical Gaps Theory link to language change?
New words are created from old ones and words go through a process of verbing when new nouns are coined
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Which linguist created the Random Fluctuation and Cultural Transmission Theory?
Charles Hockett
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What did the Random Fluctuation and Cultural Transmission Theory outline?
Change is less logical. Random errors and events lead the language change
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What is an important feature of the Random Fluctuation and Cultural Transmission theory?
Predictive text
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How does the Random Fluctuation and Cultural Transmission Theory link to language change?
Language changes due to its instability
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What does the Substratum Theory outline?
Language changes due to contact with other languages/dialects
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Which linguist created the Functional Theory?
Halliday
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What did the Functional Theory outline?
Language changes due to the needs of its users
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What terms are constantly changing?
Slang
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This theory suggests that there is a certain _____ to language change
Logic
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How does the Functional Theory link to language change?
Language changes as the world around us changes and technology advances
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What does 'innovation' mean?
The creation of a new word, phrase, meaning or way of saying something
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What does 'diffusion' mean?
The spread of a feature from the original user to a wider population
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Which linguist created the Wave Model?
Bailey
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What did the Wave Model outline?
Change happens gradually based on geographical distance and social strata
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The new form of language starts at the centre and its use gradually spreads like _____ spread, they may become _____ and this may be reflected in fewer people using the new feature further from the centre
ripples, weaker
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How does the Wave Model link to language change?
Language changes slowly and affects some users more than others
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Which linguist created the S-Curve model?
Chen
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What did the S-Curve model outline?
Language change is gradual and would be taken up by its users at a certain rate
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What does Aitchinson tell us about language change?
"Any change tends to start in a small way"
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How does the S-Curve model link to language change?
Language change is gradual and doesn't happen at a consistent rate
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What did the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis outline?
Back
Language controls thought
Card 3
Front
What did the 'strong version' of the hypothesis suggest?
Back
Card 4
Front
What did the 'weak version' of the hypothesis suggest?
Back
Card 5
Front
How does the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis link to language change?
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