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  • Created by: 10dhall
  • Created on: 05-01-18 19:05
What are the risk factors effecting ASB
genetic, environmental, birth compl, maternal dep, drinking pregnant, smoking pregnant, brain structure, childhood maltreatment, autonomic nervous system
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Explain Ladringan's case on genetic aggression
He murdered twice and was then killed on death row, his dad had exactly the same case, his grandad was killed by a gunshot from the poilce and his great grandad had a similar case, this suggests genetic influence.
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How heritable is antisocial behaviour?
Heritability forASB ranges from 0.4-0.5
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What did Mednick find?
1984- property crime, there were positive correlations between adopted children and biological parents in relation to property crime.
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Explain the Brunner syndrome case
5 males from a dutch family that acted very aggresivley were scanned and were all found to have a non functionoal MAOA gene/ Brunner syndrome
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What does MAOA do?
Degrades neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine
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What are the types of MAOA and the commonality?
The low MAOA allelle reduces the amount MAOA and increases aggression, the high MAOA allele increases the amount of MAOA and reduces aggression. 30% of people have the warrior gene
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What did Caspi find?
2002 - the MAOA allele doesn't matter unless there has been childhood mistreatment, if there has - the low allele shows sig higher levels of ASB
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What did Mcdermott do?
2009 - support for maoa in lab settings - the low maoa allele was found to elicit more aggression when provocated
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give examples of birth complications
breach, long birth, forceps extraction
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What did Raine find?
Males in copenhagen - with maternal deprivation or birth compl alone, people had less violence then a control group - birth mat dep and BC combined, violence levels were much higher - doubled
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Whats the hyp for the effect of BC on ASB
Fetal hypoxia is a birth complication where the baby does not get enough oxygen in the womb = changes neurochemistry - this without a caring mother can lead to ASB
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What did Pratt find
2006 - meta analysis of 18 different study - donut an association od .12
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What did Button find?
2005 - 1/2 of affect from prenatal smoking was attributed from genetic factors
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What did Maughan find?
2004- even after controlling genetics, prenatal smoking was still a sig predictor of ASB
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Hyp of smoking?
Could account from brain area deficits, nicotine passes through the placenta and blocks blood flow, this means less o2 for baby and can change crain and cause hypoxia
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Support for the hypothesis
Jaddoe- 2007- Babies exposed to prenatal smoking had smaller circumference heads (sign of brain development) - especially the amygdala (Haghighi 2013)
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What are the features of foetal alcohol syndrome
exposure to alcohol during pregnancy, growth retardation, craviofacial abnormalities, learning disabilities/ low iq
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what did streissguth find?
2004- 400 pp with FAS - 60% exhibited juvaline delinquency, 50% were in confinement and 35% had drug or alcohol problems
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What did Popova find>?
did a meta analysis of 127 studies and found 91% of pp had a conduct disorder
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What does FAS impair?
hippocampus damage - impairing learning, and also meaning poor executive functions/ decision making
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forms of maltreatment?
physical, sexual, emotional, neglect
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What did Radford find?
2011 - 1/5 children have been maltreated - abuse is linked with poor mental health and more delinquent behaviour
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What did McCroy find?
2013 - children with maltreatment have slowly impaired amygdalas, this means that poor emotional regulation so more agg - the longer the abuse the more the damage
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Explain Harlows case
Phineas Gage - 1848 - metal iron rod went thru his PFC - his personality change and he became more aggressive
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Explain michaels case
40 yo schoolteacher veteran - started being sexually and physically abusive- found lesion in vmprf - removed tumour and was fine for 6 months- started again and tumour regrew - removed and has been normal since
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What is APD and what is the hyp behind it?
Life long ASB, criminal acts, impulsivity, aggression - hyp: people with APD might have lesions PFC because their personality+behaviour changes
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What is the ANS?
controls physiological arousal e.g. fast heart rate/ sweating
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What are the theories linking low heart rate and ASB?
fearlessness theory, sensation seeking theory?
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What is fearlessness theory?
Raine 1993 - low hr means low fear - low fear facilitates criminal acts which require lack of fear of punishment
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what is sensation seeking theory?
Quay 1965 - LHR is low arousing and unpleasant - pp will try raise their heart rate and arousal by committing activities like or similar to ASB
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Study support?
Latvala - study of over 700,000 men - found that LHR increases the risk of violence and non violent ASB
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Card 2

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Explain Ladringan's case on genetic aggression

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He murdered twice and was then killed on death row, his dad had exactly the same case, his grandad was killed by a gunshot from the poilce and his great grandad had a similar case, this suggests genetic influence.

Card 3

Front

How heritable is antisocial behaviour?

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Card 4

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What did Mednick find?

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Card 5

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Explain the Brunner syndrome case

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