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6. Barnes
- disabled people are presented as sinister, pitiable, pathetic, comedic, sexually abnormal and in need of a miracle cure
- programmes about homosexuals were constructed by heterosexuals for heterosexuals
- created the two-step flow model
7. Willams
- media is the new 'opium of the people'
- fewer large companies increasingly own what we hear, see and read
- the mass media has been liberated from the media barons
8. McQueen
- children are presented as innocent, teens are presented as rebellious whilst the elderly are presented as a burden
- there is overt and inferential racism in the media
- programmes about homosexuals were constructed by heterosexuals for heterosexuals
9. Cohen
- moral panics, especially the Mods and Rockers
- 7/9 Asian countries studied broadcast more locally produced TV than imported TV
- there has been a significant increase in the proportion of main female characters
10. Greenslade
- the mass media has been liberated from the media barons
- fewer large companies increasingly own what we hear, see and read
- media is the new 'opium of the people'
11. Gramsci
- the economic base does have some opinions but these are quashed by the bourgeousie
- TV programmes, such as soaps, divert attention away from the unfair nature of society
- globalisation is a more fashionable term for cultural imperialism
12. Miliband
- TV programmes, such as soaps, divert attention away from the unfair nature of society
- media is the new 'opium of the people'
- the mass media has been liberated from the media barons
13. Sparks
- globalisation is a more fashionable term for cultural imperialism
- TV programmes, such as soaps, divert attention away from the unfair nature of society
- 7/9 Asian countries studied broadcast more locally produced TV than imported TV
14. Van Dijk
- the inner-city riots in the 1980s were made to have a racial element to divert attention from the economic issues
- women and men have similar skills and abilities in films
- the working class are under represented and the upper class are over represented
15. Marcuse
- TV programmes, such as soaps, divert attention away from the unfair nature of society
- media is the new 'opium of the people'
- the economic base does have some opinions but these are quashed by the bourgeousie
16. Bernstein
- disabled people are presented as sinister, pitiable, pathetic, comedic, sexually abnormal and in need of a miracle cure
- programmes about homosexuals were constructed by heterosexuals for heterosexuals
- children are presented as innocent, teens are presented as rebellious whilst the elderly are presented as a burden
17. Abercrombie
- women and men have similar skills and abilities in films
- there has been a significant increase in the proportion of main female characters
- moral panics, especially the Mods and Rockers