The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by external forces.
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What is determinism?
The view that an individual's behaviour is controlled by internal factors or external forces out of their control.
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What are the 5 types of determinism?
Soft, hard, biological, environmental, psychic.
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What is hard determinism?
Free will is not possible as behaviour is always caused by factors out of our control.
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What is soft determinism?
All events, such as behaviour have causes but can also be due to our conscious choices in the absence of coercion.
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What is biological determinism?
Behaviour is caused by biological influences we cannot control.
(genes, hormones)
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What is environmental determinism?
Behaviour is caused by features of the environment we cannot control.
(reward/punishment, stimulus-response learning)
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What is psychic determinism?
Behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts we cannot control.
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What is the scientific emphasis on causal explanations?
Highly controlled experiments in a lab environment allow for all the conditions of human behaviour to be tested and the extraneous variables removed.
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What is the idiographic approach?
Where the focus is on the individual as a means of understanding behaviour rather than attempting to apply it to general laws and principles.
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What are examples of the idiographic approach?
Qualitative data, case studies, unstructured interviews and other forms of self-report methods.
The humanistic approach and partially the psychodynamic approach.
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What is the nomothetic approach?
Where behaviour is applied to general laws and principles in an attempt to explain it.
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What are examples of the nomothetic approach?
The behaviourist, biological, cognitive and partially psychodynamic approaches.
Quantitative data, structured interviews.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is determinism?
Back
The view that an individual's behaviour is controlled by internal factors or external forces out of their control.
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