Issues and debates

1. Occurs when researchers study a behaviour inside one culture and then assume that it can be applied universally (7, 4)
5. Any underlying characteristic of human beings that can be applied to all despite differences of experience and upbringing (12)
6. This approach looks at behaviour from outside of a given culture and attempts to describe those behaviours as universal (4)
8. This approach functions from inside a culture and identifies behaviours that are specific to that culture (4)
9. The ideas that norms and values as well as ethics and moral standards, can only be meaningful and understood within specific social and cultural contexts (8, 10)
10. When psychological research may offer a view that does not justifiably represent the experience or behaviour of men or women (6, 4)

2. Research that focusses on similarities between men and women and tends to represent a view that minimises the differences (4, 4)
3. Research that focusses on the differences between men and women and tends to exaggerate these differences (5, 4)
4. Judging other cultures by the standards and values of one's own culture. In extreme form, it's the belief of superiority in one's own culture which may lead to prejudice towards other cultures (13)
7. 'Male-oriented', when 'normal' behaviour is judged according to a male standard (13)

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