Infectious Communicable Disease

?
  • Created by: liv
  • Created on: 21-12-22 12:42
What is croup?
An infection of the upper airway causing inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi
1 of 35
Pathophysiology of croup
Usually starts with an upper airway infection.
Swelling of the upper airway results in partial airway obstruction
2 of 35
Symptoms of croup
Hoarse voice
Barking cough
Stridor
Fever
Increased respiratory rate
Chest recession
3 of 35
Red flags with croup
Cyanosis
Reduced level of consciousness
Intercostal recession
Tachycardia
Drowsiness
Silent chest
4 of 35
Treatment for croup
Dexamethasone
Adrenaline
5 of 35
DEXAMETHASONE
Action: glucocorticoid, binds to glucocorticoid receptors and inhibits pro-inflammatory signals and promotes ant-inflammatory signals
Dose: dependant on age of child, between 0.8mg and 6mg
Presentation: 2mg/5ml
Indications: childhood croup
6 of 35
ADRENALINE
(neb)
Action: relieves bronchoconstriction, stimulates receptors in subglottic mucous membranes
Dose: 2-5mg, single dose
Presentation: 1mg/1ml
Indications: severe childhood croup
Nebulise with sodium chloride if necessary - make it up to 5ml
7 of 35
What is hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
8 of 35
Pathophysiology of hepatitis
Virus enters the bloodstream and spreads to the liver
Infects the hepatocytes and multiply
Changes the antigen structure on the virus site
Body's immune response damages the hepatocytes
9 of 35
Symptoms of hepatitis
Fever
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Dark urine
Light coloured stools
Jaundice
10 of 35
Relevant examination for hepatitis
Abdominal exam may show hepatic tenderness
11 of 35
Management of hepatitis
Convey to ED
Treat as you find
12 of 35
What is HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
13 of 35
What happens with HIV
The virus damaged T helper cells meaning your immune system is weakened against everyday infections
14 of 35
What is AIDS
The name used to describe illnesses that occur when HIV severely damages the immune system
15 of 35
How is HIV transmitted
Unprotected sexual activity
Blood transfusions
Needles
Mother to child
16 of 35
Symptoms of HIV
Flu life illness
Fever
Muscle aches
Rash
Sore throat and mouth sores
Swollen lymph glands
Diarrhoea
Weight loss
17 of 35
Treatment for HIV
Antiretroviral medicines stop the virus replicating in the body
18 of 35
What is measles
Infection that spreads very easily
19 of 35
How communicable is measles
Highly communicable
Secondary attack rate is over 90%
20 of 35
When does communicability of measles begin?
Several days before and after the rash appears
21 of 35
Symptoms of measles
Fever
Red, watery eyes
Rhinorrhoea
Cough
Sneezing
Rash
22 of 35
Management of measles
Paracetamol for pain
Take to ED for treatment
Notify the hospital
23 of 35
What is chicken pox
Infection
24 of 35
Who is chicken pox contagious to
People who haven't been vaccinated or had the disease before
25 of 35
Symptoms of chicken pox
Fever
Loss of appetite
Tiredness
Rash
Headache
26 of 35
Management of chicken pox
Consider GP
Hospital admission if blisters appear infected
27 of 35
What is the flu?
Infection of the nose, throat and lungs
Inflammation of the upper respiratory tree and trachea
28 of 35
Symptoms of the flu
Fever
Aching
Lethargy
Dry cough
Headache
Sore throat
Loss of appetite
29 of 35
Management of the flu
Paracetamol for fever
Any red flags convey to hospital
30 of 35
What is bronchitis?
Inflammation of the bronchi
31 of 35
Pathophysiology of bronchitis
Hypersecretion of mucus from goblet cells
Inflammation of smooth muscle from inflammatory mediators
32 of 35
Symptoms of bronchitis
SOB
Wheeze
Fever
Rhinorrhoea
Productive cough
Fatigue
Tightness of chest
33 of 35
Pharmacological interventions for bronchitis
Salbutamol for wheeze
Paracetamol for pain and fever
34 of 35
Management of bronchitis
Hospital admission if red flags show
Consider GP
35 of 35

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Pathophysiology of croup

Back

Usually starts with an upper airway infection.
Swelling of the upper airway results in partial airway obstruction

Card 3

Front

Symptoms of croup

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Red flags with croup

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Treatment for croup

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Medicine resources:

See all Medicine resources »See all Medicine resources »