Humans as organisms- section two

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  • Created by: Lydia
  • Created on: 10-04-14 13:07
Name all seven main food types in a balances diet.
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Roughage (fibre) and water
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Why are carbohydrates important for the body?
They fuel your body, people who are growing or active need a lot of it
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Why are proteins important for the body?
They are vital for growth and repair
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Why are fats important for the body?
They acts as a store of energy- which you use when your body runs out of carbohydrates
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Why are vitamins important for the body?
They keep many vital processes happening
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Why are minerals important for the body?
They form the structure of out bodies e.g calcium for strong teeth and bones
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Why is fibre important for the body?
Gives your digestive system an 'internal work out', keeping it fit and working
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Why is water important for the body?
All chemical reactions take place in water (about 75% of your body is water)
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What does digestion do and why is it important?
It breaks up large insoluble molecules of food into smaller soluble one- which the body then absorbs and use
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Name eight main parts of the alimentary canal.
Mouth, Gullet, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum
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What has to happen to large molecules before they can pass through the cell wall?
Biological agents called enzymes break them up into smaller ones
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Give three jobs the kidneys do.
Removal of Urea, taking ions out of the blood, water regulation
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Give three functions of the skeleton.
Protection, Support, Movement
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Give the scientific name for a) jaw b) collarbone c) fingers d) skull e) kneecap
a) Jaw= Mandible b) Collarbone= Clavicle c) Fingers= Phalanges d) Skull= Cranium e) Kneecap= Patella
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Name the three types of joint and the difference between them.
Immovable joints: you can't move them. Slightly movable: you can move them- a bit. Freely movable: You can move them- a lot
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What are antagonistic muscles?
A pair of muscles that work against each other, one muscle contracts while the other one relaxes
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List six changes that happen to boys during adolesence.
1) Sex organs get bigger 2)Testes start to produce sperm and hormones 3) Pubic hair starts to grow 4) Hair grows on the face, chest and armpits 5) Voice deepens 6) Behavior changes
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List six changes that happen to girls during adolesence.
1) Ovaries start to relese eggs 2) Ovaries start to produce hormones 3) Pubic hair grows 4) Menstruation starts 5) Breasts get larger 6) Behavior changes
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What causes spots?
Blocked pores
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Where are sperm and eggs made?
Sperm are made in the testes, all the time after puberty. Eggs are produced in one of the two ovaries every 28 days
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Outline the four main stages of the menstrual cycle.
Day 1: Lining of the uterus breaks down, bleeding starts. Day 4: Lining of the uterus builds up again, ready for implantation. Day 14: An egg is released. Day 28: The lining is maintained, if not fertilised, the lining breaks down again
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List five things which must happen before a human embryo can start to develop.
Ovulation, Copulation, Fertilisation, Cell division, Implantation
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Give three reasons why lungs are good for absorbing gases.
They have a big inside surface area, they're moist, they have a good blood supply
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What is respiration?
A chemical reaction where glucose reacts with oxygen to release enery
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Write the word equation for respiration.
Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
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List three ways that white blood cells fight microbes.
They eat (engulf) Microbes, They produce antibodies, They neutralise the poisons or toxins
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How does someone get a natural immunity?
Antibodies are passed on from the mother to the offspring via placenta or breast milk. Antibodies are made by a person when microbes infect their body.
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How does someone get a artificial immunity?
A vaccine with harmless, dead or modified microbes is injected into a person causing antibodies to be made by the body, ready for a real infection. A serum with antibodies in is injected directly into a person, helping them fight the infection
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why are carbohydrates important for the body?

Back

They fuel your body, people who are growing or active need a lot of it

Card 3

Front

Why are proteins important for the body?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why are fats important for the body?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why are vitamins important for the body?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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