Genetic info in DNA is copied into mRNA in the nucleus in the cell
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What is Translation?
The process by which the information contained in the mRNA is used to synthesise a protein
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What happens during Translation?
A.A. is encoded by a codon. Ribosomes scan the mRNA and build a polypeptide chain from a.a supplied by tRNA
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What do lysosomes contain?
Hydrolytic enzymes
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What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, The Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain
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What does Glycolysis produce?
2 ATP by SLP if aerobic, 2 Pyruvic acid if anaerobic and 2 NADH
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What does the Krebs Cycle produce?
2 ATP (GTP), 6 NADH and 2 FADH2
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How much ATP is synthesised from 1 molecule of glucose?
38 ATP in total
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What are microtubules made of?
Tubulin
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What are microfilaments made of?
Actin
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What are Intermediate filaments made of?
Supercoiled fibrous proteins, like Keratin
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Name three functions of the Cytoskeleton
1. providing structural support to help maintain the shape of the cell 2. provides the apparatus to separate chromosomes during cell division 3. To provide an internal framework responsible for positioning various organelles
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