History 3

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What was the Berlin wall a symbol of?
the division between east and west
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When was the wall built?
august 1961
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What was MAD?
Mutually assured destruction - it was an acknowledgement that if either side attacked the other it would be suicide for themselves
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Why did MAD work?
Both sides had early warning systems which allowed them to launch an attack on the other side before they were blown up
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when was the uprising in hungary?
1956
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Who was the hungarian leader up to 1956?
Matyas Rakosi
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Who was the hungarian leader from June 1956 to the uprising?
Erno Gero
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Who led Hungary during the uprising?
Imre Nagy
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Who replaced Nagy after the uprising?
Janos Kadar
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Why were there food shortages in hungary before the uprising?
Livestock and crops were being shipped to the USSR
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Who were the ARVO?
Rakosi's secret police
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When was the peaceful gathering and where was it?
October 23rd and parliamentary square
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What happened at this peaceful gathering?
The statue of Stalin was torn down and broken into pieces
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What prompted this?
The Secret Speech where Khrushchev denounced Stalin and his methods
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How did people across Hungary support the uprising?
They went on strike
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How did Hungarian soldiers influence the uprising?
They provided the rebels with weapons (only the sympathetic ones)
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What did the rebels do?
They burned symbols of communism and killed members of the ARVO
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How did the USSR react at first?
There was little opposition
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What did the rebels do to the soviet tanks sent in?
They threw petrol bombs at them
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What happened in November 1956?
Khrushchev ordered the troops to go back to Budapest to crush the uprising
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What triggered this action?
The attempt to leave the Warsaw Pact
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What happened to Imre Nagy?
He was shot
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Where did people escape to?
Some escaped into Austria and then into Britain
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What happened to the rebels that were caught?
They were sent to labour camps
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when was the suez canal crisis?
1956
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Where is the suez canal?
egypt
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Who was the leader of egypt?
Nasser
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What did he do?
Took control of the canal
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What did France and Britain do in retaliation?
They sent in troops to get it back
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What did the USA do?
Placed economic sanctions on britain and france to stop
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Why did the USA act in this way?
They wanted the empires to break down
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When did the USSR detonate its first atomic bomb?
1949
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Why was this cause for concern in the USA?
It was earlier than expected - they were predicted to detonate in 1953
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When did the USA detonate the H-bomb
1952
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when did the USSR detonate its first h-bomb?
1953
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What progress did the USA make in March 1954
They developed a h-bomb small enough to be dropped from a bomber
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When did the USSR manage this?
Later that year
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When was the first man-made sattellite and what was it called
Sputnik and 1957
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What was the concerns about this sattellite?
It could enable the USSR to put missiles in space or to spy on other countries
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What did the USA do in 1958?
Put missiles in NATO countries
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When did the USA launch their first satellite and what was it called?
1959 and Telstar
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Who was the first man in space and when did he go up?
Yugi gagarin and 1961
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Who was the first man on the moon and when did he land?
Neil Armstrong and 1969
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Who was the leader of North Korea in 1950?
Kim il sung
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Who was the leader of South Korea in 1950?
Syngman Rhee
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why did truman have to appeal to the UN to persuade USA citizens to allow soldiers to go?
American mothers did not want their sons fighting another war which did not threaten the US directly
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How many countries supplied troops for the Korean war?
18
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Who were the main three supplyers?
USA, UK and Australia
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Who was in charge of the overall force and what nationality was he
Douglas MacArthur and American
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Why were the UN forces unable to follow the NK into china?
They were not fighting china and following them in would have been declaring war on china too
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What enabled the UN forces to push the NK back so far?
Their large naval force
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What enabled the NK to push back the UN forces in 1951?
China sent millions of men to support the North Koreans
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What happened in the beginning of 1951?
MacArthur announced that the US would use atomic bombs and threatens China
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What was the problem with this statement?
It was not authorised by the government
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What was the result of this?
MacArthur was sacked and replaced with General Ridgeway
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When did Eisenhower come to power?
1953
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When did peace talks begin?
1951
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When was an armistice finally signed?
1953
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What led to the signing of the armistice?
The death of Stalin
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Why was this?
It made the North Koreans and Chinese less confident
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What was the result of the war?
Nothing the 38th parallel stayed the same
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How many died?
1.4 million
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When did Stalin die?
March 1953
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When did Nikita Khruschev emerge?
two years later?
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What was the focus of Mao's first five year plan?
Heavy industry
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How many chinese students were sent to the USSR to study?
13 000
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What year was the beginning of the great leap forward?
1958
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What was wrong with the harvest in 1959?
it was well below what china needed
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Who was prime minister after the glf
Chou Enlai
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Who was president after the glf
Liu Shaochi
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Who was general secretary after the glf
Deng Xiaoping
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What did Mao do to prove his strength?
Swam 24 km down the Yangtze River
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What year did Mao's little red book come out?
1966
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when did mao die?
1976
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why was Hua Guofeng nicknamed the helicopter?
due to his very quick rise to power
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when did deng xiaoping emerge as leader?
1977
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when did deng introduce a responsibility system?
1978
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what did this system allow?
families to take control over a part of a commune
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Card 2

Front

When was the wall built?

Back

august 1961

Card 3

Front

What was MAD?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why did MAD work?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

when was the uprising in hungary?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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