Higher Biology Unit 2

Evolution

Mitosis. Meosis and Genetics

Maintaining Water Balance

Adaptations in plants in Animals

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Natural Selection
Survival of the fittest
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Selection Pressure
A factor that acts on individuals in a population
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Definition of a Species
A species is a group of organisms with similar genotypes and phenotypes that usually only breed with each other and have access to a common gene pool
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Name the four steps of Speciation
Isolation. Mutation. Natural Selection. Different Species Fromed
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Isolation Barriers
Geographical, Ecological + Reproductive
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Adaptive Radiation
Many species are formed b a single ancestral species. different selection pressures result in different adaptations.
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An example of High Speed Evolution
Peppered Moth - non polluted ares the bark of trees is covered in lichen and the light moth is well camouflaged. In polluted ares the lichen is killed and the dark form is well camouflaged
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5 examples of the importance of conservation
Food, Fuel, Raw materials, Medicines + Agriculture
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On-site conservation
The creation of protected centres of diversity, wildlife reserves etc.
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Off-site Conservation
Captive Breeding Programmes + Gene Banks
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Plant and Animal examples of Selective Breeding
Wild Cabbage - cauliflower, sprout, broccoli + Cattle - Milk yield - Jersey + beef - aberdeen angus
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Hybridisation
Crossing over 2 different strains - genes have 2 different alleles and creates F1 hybrid
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Genetic Engineering
Isolating a DNA fragment containing a gene from one organism and inserting it into another
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Name the 2 enzymes used in Genetic Engineering?
Endonuclease (cuts) + Ligase (glues)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A factor that acts on individuals in a population

Back

Selection Pressure

Card 3

Front

A species is a group of organisms with similar genotypes and phenotypes that usually only breed with each other and have access to a common gene pool

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Isolation. Mutation. Natural Selection. Different Species Fromed

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Geographical, Ecological + Reproductive

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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