Georaphy

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What's a natural harzard?
A natural hazard is any natural event such as earthquake, tsunami etc, which has had a great social impact.
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What's a hazard risk?
A hazard risk is the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event. i.e. earthquake, tsunami.
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What's an earthquake?
It's a sudden and violent period of groung shaken.
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Why do people choose to live near a hazard risk?
1."Poverty" In poorer parts of the world poverty may force people to live near areas at risk. A shortage of housing can also lead people to build on unstable slopes prone to floods and landslide. 2 FARMING 3. URBANISATION
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Name 6 types of natural events?
Earthquake,Tsunami, Flood, Volcanoe, Hurricane,Drought, Landslides, Storms
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What are the 3 main groups of hazards?
Geological hazards, Atmospheric hazards, Hydrological hazards.
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Where are earthquakes located?
They are located on plate boundaries. They're located on the linear clusters. They're located on the ring of fire.
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Mention the 3 types of earthquakes?
Destructive,Constructive and Conservative margins
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What's a constructive margin?
It's when the plates moves apart from each other and leaves a gap between them. Lava escapes gentile eruption. I.e North Amerivca + Eurasian
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What's a destructive margin?
It's when the Oceania plate and the continental plate moves towards each other, and since the oceanic plate is denser its subduct underneath the continental plate. It then melts at the mantle and rises up due to the convection current and earthquakes
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What's a conservative margin?
It's when the two plate slides alongside each other, when they get stock, pressure builds up and when is forcely slide past each other earthquakes are triggered. I.e Pacific plate + North America...,,
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What's a focus?
It's where an earthquake occurs underneath the crust.
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What's an epicentre?
It's the point directly above the focus on the earth crust where the earthquake occurred.
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What's a magnitude and seismometer?
A magnitude is the amount an earthquake gives out. A seismometer are used to measure earthquakes,
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What do you know about Richter scale?
Richter scale uses information collected by seismometer. It records the strenght/magnitude of shockwaves and amount of movement.
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What do you know about Mercalli scale?
A scale of I-XII (1-12). It uses descriptions or pictures to describe damage, as the number increases so does the impact of the earthquake. A scale of 1 means that there is no damage.
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Describe how the 3 Ps (Predict,Protect and Prepare) can help reduce the effects of an earthquake?
"PREDICT" Monitoring animals behaviour and attempting to forecast the event. "PROTECT" Construct buildings so that they are safe and don't fall. "PREPARE" Organise people so that they know what to do. I.e emergency services, hospitals etc.
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Earthquake in the rich part of the world you have studied? (L'Aquila, Italy)
L'Aquila, Italy, on the 6th April 2009 an earthquake measured 6.3 on the Richter scale occurred at a destructive margin.
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Primary effects of L'Aquila's earthquake?
Around 190 deaths, 1500 were injured. 65,000 were made homeless, 1100 buildings were destroyed, hospitals collapsed. $6 billion to replace everything. Finally bridges collapsed and water pipe was broken.
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Secondary effects of L'Aquila's earthquake?
Fires in some collapsed buildings caused more damage. The broken pipe water caused a landslide. After shock hampered resource efforts and caused more damage.
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Immediate responses of L'Aquila's earthquake?
Red cross set up a field kitchen providing 10000 meals a day. International teams with recure dogs were sent in to look for survivors. Money were provided by the government to pay rent, and gas and electricity bills were suspended.
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Immediate responses of L'Aquila's earthquake?
Camps were set for homeless people such that 34000 homeless were housed in 161 tent camps. Affected people were provided with water, food and medical care. Ambulances, fire engines and the army were sent into rescue survivors.
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Long-term responses of L'Aquila's earthquake?
After 4 years later people were not still allowed to their homes. Fait donated large amount of money to help the affected victims. Prime minister promised to build a new town to replace L'Aquila as the capital of the area. Architect were sent to pri
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Earthquake in a poorer part of the world you have studied? (Kashmir, Pakistan)
Kashmir, Pakistan, on the 8th of October 2005 an earthquake measured 7.6 on the Richter scale occurred at a destructive margin.
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Primary effects of Kashmir's earthquake?
Around 80,000 deaths, 70,000 injured. 3 million people were made homeless. Entire village and thousands of buildings were destroyed. Water pipes and electricity lines were broken, cutting off supply.
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Secondary effects of Kashmir's earthquake?
500,000 died of starvation, people had no food nor clean water to drink. Freezing winter conditions shortly after the earthquake caused more casualties and meant rescue and rebuilding operations were difficult.
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Secondary effects of Kashmir's earthquake?
Diarrhoea and other diseses spread due to little clean water. Landslides buried buildings and people's they also blocked access roads and cut off water supplies, electricity supplies and telephone lines.
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Immediate responses of Kashmir's earthquake?
Help didn't reach many areas for days or weeks. People had to be rescued by hand without any equipment or help from emergency services. Tents, blankets and medical supplies were distributed within a month, but not to all areas affected.
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Long-term responses of Kashmir's earthquake?
Government money has been given to people whose homes had been destroyed so they can rebuild them themselves. New health centres have been set up in the area. Training had been provided to help rebuild more buildings as earthquake resistant.
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Long-term responses of Kashmir's earthquake?
40,000 people have been located to a new town from the destroyed town of Balakot.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What's a hazard risk?

Back

A hazard risk is the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event. i.e. earthquake, tsunami.

Card 3

Front

What's an earthquake?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why do people choose to live near a hazard risk?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name 6 types of natural events?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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