Geography
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- Created by: Harry
- Created on: 04-05-13 15:22
what is an open system?
Allows transfer of energy and mass in and out
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What is a Closed system?
Allows transfer of energy only
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What are the inputs of the Drainage Basin Hydrological Cycle?
Energy from the sun and Precipitation
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What are the processes in the DBH?
Evaporation, Water Table, Precipitation, Interception, Surface Run-off, Inflitration, Throughflow, Channel Flow, Percolation, Groundwater Flow, Stem Flow, Drip, Base Flow
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What Are the Stores in the DBH?
Interception, vegetation, Surface, Soil Water, Groundwater and channel storage.
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What is river discharge?
The amount of water, from precipitation, that reaches the river channel
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How do you measure river discharge?
Velocity (m/s) x Cross Sectional Area (m²)
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What is disharge measured in?
Cubic Metres per Second (Cumecs)
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What is the Water Balance?
Potential evaporation in relation to precipitation (P.et - P)
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What effect does a Large Basin Have on river discharge?
The water is longer to the main channel
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What effect does a Small Basin Have on river discharge?
The water is quicker to the main channel
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What effect does a Circular Basin Have on river discharge?
Water reaches main channel quicker.
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How do permeable rocks affect river discharge?
Allow water to flow through them so increase discharge
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How do porous rocks affect river discharge?
Allow water to fill pores, so decrease river discharge
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How do sandy Soils affect river discharge?
Increase the rates of Discharge
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What is antecedent Moisture?
The amount of water already in the ground
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What relates to High Drainage Density?
High peak discharge and a short lag time
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What three variations of precipitation have an affect on discharge?
Amount, type and intensity
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What land uses affect discharge?
Urbanisation and vegetation
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What does a hydrograph show?
Dicharge in response to rainfall
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What is lag time?
Time between peak discharge and precipitation
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What are the 2 variations to a river regime?
Temporal and spatial
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What is erosion?
The wearing away of material from a riverbed and river banks
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What is hydraulic action?
The waters movement and its frictional impact
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What is river capacity?
Total load a river can transport at a particular energy level
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What is river competence?
The maximum size or weight a river can carry
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What are the 4 types of transportation?
Traction, Saltation, Suspension & Solution
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What is traction?
Sliding or rolling of large boulders
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What does a Hjulstrom Graph show?
The critical velocity for sediment to be eroded, transported and deposited.
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What are the river profiles?
Long, cross and graded profiles
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Where do waterfalls occur?
Upper course
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Where is Headward erosion most common?
Upper Course
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Where do rapids occur?
Middle course
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What has a low hydraulic radius?
Upper course
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What has consistent kinetic energy, but low potential energy?
Lower Course
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What is V-Shaped and rough?
Upper course
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What has lower average velocity?
Middle Course
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Where do large floodplains occur?
Lower course
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Where do small meanders and small floodplains occur?
Middle Course
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Velocity whats as you go downstream?
Increases
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Friction whats as you go downstream?
Decreases
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Discharge increases, but so too does?
width & depth
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a Closed system?
Back
Allows transfer of energy only
Card 3
Front
What are the inputs of the Drainage Basin Hydrological Cycle?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the processes in the DBH?
Back
Card 5
Front
What Are the Stores in the DBH?
Back
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