geography revision 1

pangaea

one earth

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what are the layers on the earth

crust -divided into land and see
mantle -largest layer
outer core -liquid
inner core _solid

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continental drift

movement of tectonic plates

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what is the earth made up of

thick connecting tectonic plate

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how do convection currents move tectonic plates

mantle heated by core and some of mantle melts into molton rock(magma) and moves upwards ,when molton rock reaches top of mantle it cools and goes back down this continues and is called convection currents

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characteristics of oceanic plate

more dense
thinner (5km)
younger
mostly ocean

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what is a destructive plate boundary

when an oceanic and continental plate move towards each other and the more dense oceanic plate is forced under the continental one this is called the subduction process .the oceanic plate then melts due to friction and goes down the mantle it then floats

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how people prepare for earthquakes ?

hospitals and emergency services should go out training as what to do in those situations.
know where your nearest safety point is .
be educated on whats happening.

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composite volcano

found on destructive plate boundary
acidic lava
steep sides
lava doesnt flow very far
longer periods between eruptions

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sheild volcanos

found on constructive plate margin
lava flows for longer distance
flat sides

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similarities of 2 volcanos

found on plate margins
dangerous

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differences of 2 volcanos

infrequent(composite)-frequant(shield)
steep side ( composite)-flat side (shield)

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hotspot

is a portion of the Earth's surface which experiences volcanism

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constructive

apart

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destructive

together

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ocean trench

deep part of ocean where plate is subducted

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volcano effects

tephra -fine volcanic dust
lava bombs - bombs of ejected lava
lahars_ mudflow when ash and rain mix

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example of hotspot

hawaiian island in pacific ocean

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indonesia sulawesi causes

tsunami
7.5 magnitude
conservative plate boundary

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indonesia sulawesi consequences

houses ,building damaged
people killed
water supplys effected

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cause of tsunami

sudden dicplacement of water
volcanic eruptions
land slides

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predict tectonic events

electromagnetic fields
radon gas
animal behaviour

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japanese case study social effect

people died

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japanese case study economic effect

building destroyed
homes without power

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japanese case study enviromental effect

oil refinary damaged
nucleur power plants put under pressure

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geography revision 1

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