Year 10 Geography flashcards

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  • Created by: adam00
  • Created on: 24-04-17 07:05
Variation in Q.o.L
Quality of Life - things that affect your well being, but can't be measured. Standard of Living - things that affect your well being that can be measured.
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Variation in Q.o.L *2
Developed countries: High S.o.L, higher income, more developed industry, good education, better services. Developing countries: Poor S.o.L, worse housing, little income, worse health care, low level of education, natural hazards.
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Standard of Living
Inner City - low socio-economic area, lower paid jobs, higher level of crime. Suburbs - high socio-economic area, lower % of unemployment, detached houses
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Functional zones
What is the area used for? Recreational, commercial (offices), residential (housing), industrial (factories), retail (shopping), agriculture (farming)
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Cycle of Decline
When one problem leads to another. De-industrialisation: decline of traditional industry, eg. coal mining. It occured because of: difficult transport access, expensive production costs in the UK, no room for expansion
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Housing System
Housing tenure: Who owns the house? What type of house is it? Owner occupied: Person who has its own house.(mortgage) Privately rented: rent from a landlord.
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Housing system *2
Factors that decide which type of house you get: price of the house, your wage, location, size of the house.
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Housing system *3
Brownfield site: Site that has been built on before. (usually Inner City) Greenfield site: Site that has never been built on before. (edge of the city)
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Crisis
Not enough affordable housing, supply cannot meet demand, 0.25 million of new houses are needed to meet demand each year, population is increasing, recession
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Redevelopment
Redevelopment: to improve. Regeneration: to put back into use. Sustainable: to provide for the needs of the present without damaging the needs of future generations. UDC: it redevelops an area economically,socially and environmentally.
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Redevelopment *2
Enterprise zones: Areas given special incentives to attract businesses to them, e.g. 5 year tax free. Stratford Redevelopment: new public services, Olympic Stadium, Shopping centre, new businesses, the river Lee was dredged
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Rural-urban fringe
Rural-urban fringe: edge of a city. Rural: countryside. Urban sprawl: demand for land.
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Push&pull factors
Push: high density, high pollution level, poor access, visual disamenity. Pull: low density, visual amenity, new houses, good access.
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Greenfield&brownfield sites
Greenfield: *more space, *good Q.o.L, *more availabilities as they start from beginning *additional costs may be compulsory, difficult access to CBD. Brownfield: *existing infrastructure (cheaper), *easy access to the CBD, *low Q.o.L
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Counter-urbanisation
Urban to rural migration. When people leave the city to move to the countryside. Commuter village: where people live in one place and travel to work in another. Who moves? Young families, car users, high socio-economic groups.
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Counter-urbanisation *2
Push factors: high density, pollution, poor Q.o.L, cycle of decline. Pull factors: good Q.o.L, visual amenity, lower congestion, community spirit
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Traffic in Urban Areas
Commuter Traffic: traffic created by people who travel to work. They work in one place but live in another. Integrated transport system: When all public transport is linked together to make travelling easier. It is more sustainable and easier.
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Second Home Ownership
When people own a second home that they use for holidays. It occurs in Devon, Cornwall, Cumbria. Impacts: services close down because they are not used as often, locals can't afford the houses.
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Leisure
Leisure = free time. It is an economic activity. Access = how easy something is to use or get there. Distribution = how something is spread out; clustered pattern, linear pattern, random pattern. What affects leisure? Transport, income, education
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Retail
Retail = shops. High order goods = expensive, luxury item (car, phone). Low order good = cheap item that you often need (milk).
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Retail *2
*Corner shops: A lot of them; good access, opening hours. Expensive, lack of choice. *Shopping streets: good access, linear pattern. High density, hard to find parking, lack of choice. *CBD: easy access, high order goods. Congestion, narrow roads
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Retail *3
*Retail parks: low density, free parking, good access. Time it takes, distance. *Internet: saves time for busy people, convenience, choice. Very often, the delivery has to be paid, internet fraud.
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Sustainable Community
Providing the needs of the present without damaging the needs of future generations. BEDZED Advantages: environmentally friendly, visual amenity, affordable housing. Disadvantages: not enough houses, big windows-privacy issues.
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Urbanisation
The increase in the proportion of the population living in cities. Mega city: a city with more than 10 million people. Millionnaire city: a city with more than 1 million people.
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Urbanisation *2
Natural increase: population growth calculated by the difference between birth and death rates. Population explosion: very rapid increase in population. Why do cities grow? Industrialisation, natural increase and rural to urban migration.
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Shanty Towns
Area of poorly built informal housing on the outskirts of cities in LIC's. Informal housing: illegal, unplanned housing. Infrastructure: the internal workings of a city, e.g. gas pipes. Shanty towns = high density, no roads, crime, no open space.
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Squatter Settlements
Sites and services scheme: when people get a loan to build their own house. The site is provided with electricity and running water. Self-help: when people find their own solutions.
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Rural to urban migration
Young male (economically active workers) leave the village. They leave females and children behind. Money is sent back to the village, bright light symbol. However, higher poverty, poor S.o.L, rural depopulation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Developed countries: High S.o.L, higher income, more developed industry, good education, better services. Developing countries: Poor S.o.L, worse housing, little income, worse health care, low level of education, natural hazards.

Back

Variation in Q.o.L *2

Card 3

Front

Inner City - low socio-economic area, lower paid jobs, higher level of crime. Suburbs - high socio-economic area, lower % of unemployment, detached houses

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the area used for? Recreational, commercial (offices), residential (housing), industrial (factories), retail (shopping), agriculture (farming)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

When one problem leads to another. De-industrialisation: decline of traditional industry, eg. coal mining. It occured because of: difficult transport access, expensive production costs in the UK, no room for expansion

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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