Fundamental Chemistry (C1) ideas

Revise basic chemistry ideas.

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  • Created by: Jen :)
  • Created on: 24-02-14 18:28
What is an element?
Elements are substances that cannot be broken down by chemical reactions into simpler substances. Like Hydrogen or Carbon for example. Made up of many atoms.
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What is an atom?
The smallest amount of an element. Analogy- At an ice cream store the flavours of ice cream are elements. The smallest amount of each flavour they will sell is one scoop- an atom.
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What are compounds?
Compounds are substances that contain atoms of at least two (different) elements chemically combined.
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What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms that are chemically joined together.
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Are atoms neutral?
Yes. Since an atom has equal numbers of protons and electrons, the charges cancel out.
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How many electrons are found on each of the first 3 shells inside an atom?
First shell- 2. Second shell-8. Third shell-8.
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On the periodic table, what tells you how many outer electrons an atom has?
The Group.
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Why are Noble gases unreactive?
They have a full outer shell.
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Do covalent bonds make ions (charged atoms)?
No. Covalent bonding is when atoms share electrons to achieve stable noble gas structures (aka having FULL OUTER SHELLS).
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In covalent bonding, non-metal atoms join together and share electrons. Bonds are represented with a short line drawn between elements. What dictates whether we draw single bonds (one line) or double bonds (two lines)?
The number of shared electrons. If there is more than one pair of shared electrons you need to draw more than 1 line. For example, oxygen is in group 6. This means it has 6 electrons on its outer shell. 2 oxygen atoms will bond and share 2 pairs.
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The highest energy level in an atom is also known as?
The outermost shell.
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Do you need a lot or a little energy to brake a covalent bond?
A lot. Covalent bonds are very strong!
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The number of electron spaces on the outer shell of an atom is the....
.....number of covalent bonds it can make.
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To balance an equation you should always start with the....
.....Metal atoms. Leave hydrogen and helium to the end to make it easy.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is an atom?

Back

The smallest amount of an element. Analogy- At an ice cream store the flavours of ice cream are elements. The smallest amount of each flavour they will sell is one scoop- an atom.

Card 3

Front

What are compounds?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a molecule?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Are atoms neutral?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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