Functionalist & Subcultural Theories of Crime 0.0 / 5 ? SociologyCrime and devianceA2/A-levelAQA Created by: ellier2303Created on: 09-03-22 15:10 2853614 Across 1. If deviance performs positive social functions, then perhaps society is organised so as to promote crime and deviance. The true functions of agencies of social control may be to sustain a certain level of crime, rather than to rid society of it. (7) 4. Suggested working class boys were socialised into a number of distinct values that meant they were more likely to engage in delinquent behaviour, describing these as 'focal concerns.' These include: excitement, toughness, smartness, trouble, autonomy and (6) 5. Rather than deviant values being a feature of criminal subcultures, they are something we all have. Every human has 'subterranean values' - or values that every individual holds - alongside mainstream compliant ones, which some people learn to keep hidden (5) 8. People commit crime because of status frustration. Focusing on delinquent gangs in poor cities, he argues the working class find a subcultural solution, creating their own norms and values as a rejection of society's norms and values. The subculture offer (5) Down 2. Studied 406 metropolitan counties in the USA and found those with higher levels of welfare provision had lower levels of crime. The level of 'strain' was reduced as a result of the welfare support, which reduced anomie. (6, 8) 3. Argued crime is inevitable and universal, allowing society to function properly. He argued too much crime is a threat, but too little crime can imply society is overregulated and suppresses change. Some positive functions of crime include: boundary mainte (8) 5. Studied the American Dream, and found it to be unachievable. He argued it caused deviance because people strained to achieve it lawfully, so found alternative means. He identified 5 responses to the American Dream: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retre (6) 6. Prostitution is a safety valve for the release of men's sexual frustrations without threatening the monogamous nuclear family. (5)
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