Description of the central and peripheral nervous systems, their structure, function and relationship.
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What are the 3 primary brain regions?
Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Brain stem
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What is true in all vertebrates about the primary divisions?
The basic layout and divisions are conserved and homologous structures in vertebrates
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What is the most studied and understood brain?
Mammalian (primarily human)
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What does the central nervous system consist of?
Brain and spinal cord
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What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
Somatic and autonomic nervous system pathways
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What is the autonomic nervous system subdivided into?
Sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric pathways
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What is the somatic nervous system?
Associated with voluntary control via the skeletal muscles. Consists of afferent nerves or sensory nerves and efferent nerves and motor nerves.
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What is the auntomonic nervous system?
Associated with invounatry control of body functions (HR, digestion, pupillary response)
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What is the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways?
Symp-fight or flight response/ Para-Relaxation and inhibition of high energy functions
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What is the enteric pathway?
Main division of the autonomic nervous system and is also known as 2nd brain. It can act independently of symp and para pathways. It is the intrinsic nervous system of the gastrointestinal tract.
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What does the enteric pathway do?
Circuits taht detect physiological conditions and provides output to conrtil gut movement, fluid exchange between gut, lumen and local blood flow.
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Who was Phineas Gage?
25 year old man who was preparing a railroad bed in Vermont.
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What happened to Phineas Gage?
He was using an Iron rod to pack explosive powder into a hole when the powder detonated and sent the iron rod through his left cheek and out the top of his skull.
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What did people describe him as after the accident?
Fitful, irreverent, indulging at times in the grossest profanity.
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What did the case lead to?
Doctors were able to understand that there were different parts of the brain controlling behaviours and physiology. Showed that the frontal lobe of cerebral cortex is not essential for life but is involved in high functions.
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What did Phineas Gage become?
Landmark patient in development of functional specialization idea of the brain.
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Why are lesions important in neurobiology?
Lesions lead to being able to determine brain area function as the symptoms of brain damaged patients tell a lot about what the brain does.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the 3 primary brain regions?
Back
Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Brain stem
Card 3
Front
What is true in all vertebrates about the primary divisions?
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