Ethics, religious studies key terms

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Ethics
It is a study of the framework of guiding principles that direct an action
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Moral
Term used to describe ethical behavious
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Absolutist
An ethical system that believes there exists a standard of right and wrong that is fully and totally binding on all human beings
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Objective
A theory that is independent of personal view
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Relativist
An ethical system that believes there is no absolute right or wrong
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Subjective
A theory that is dependant on a personal view
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Consequentialism
An ethical theory based on considering consequences.
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Arete
Meaning Virtue
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Ethos
The character of a person
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Eudaimonia
Defines the end purpose of human life to be happiness, flourishing or fulfilment.
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Hexis
Persons manner or behaviour
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Beatitude
Blessing given by Jesus for certain personal virtues.
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Altruism
Selfless concern for the well being of others
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Ethical Egosim
The normative view that holds that all action ought to be motivated by self-interest.
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Psychological egoism
The descriptive view that all humans action is motivated by self-interest
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Eigenheit
Ownness, the idea of mastering oneself
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Einzig
Uniqueness, the freedom from all impositions leaving pure individuality
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Bigotry
Intolerance and narrow-mindedness
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Community ethos
The character or spirit of a community
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Casuistry
The art of applying key principles to an ethical case
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Agape
Pure, unconditional love
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Beatific Vision
State of perfect happiness through supernatural union with God.
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Apparent good
A vice or sin that takes us further away from the ideal human nature that god has planned for us
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External act
An action that is seen to be good or bad, but doesnt have the right intention behind it
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Internal act
An action that is consistent with intention
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Real Good
A characteristic that will help people to become closer to the ideal human nature that God has planned for us.
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Consciousness
Awareness of self
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Ensoulment
The point when the soul enters the body
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Pro-choice
Supporting womens rights to have abortions
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Pro-life
Against abortion
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Euthanasia
A gentle or easy death.
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Antinomianism
Theory of ethics that does not recognise the authority of but promotes freedom from external rules.
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Legalism
An approach to ethics that accepts the absolute nature of established rules or principles
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Situation ethics
A relativist theory of ethics made famous by Joseph Fletcher
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Existentialism
A philosophy that proposes the individual is free and responsible to determine their own development.
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Chesed
Hebrew word that describes the exclusive kind of love in a particular relationship
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Aheb
Hebrew word for love that is seen to be similar to the idea of agape
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Kenotic
Meaning to empty or make oneself completely receptive to soemthing
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Wolfenden report
A government initial programme to explore the problems of prostitution and homosexuality.
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Polyamorous
Having a loving relationship with more then one individual with the knowledge and consent of all partners
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Greatest happiness principle
A calculation used in utilitarian theory to assess the best course action to take
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Utilitarianism
An ethical theory that maintains that ana ction is right if it produces the greatest happiness for the greatest number.
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Hedonism
An ethical theory that defines what is right in terms of pleasure
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Principle of Utility
An action is right if it promotes and maximises happiness
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Act utilitarianism
This is associated with Bentham that treats each moral situation as unique and applies the hendonic calculus to each act to see if it fulfills the principle of utility. Any action is right as long as it produces the greatest happiness for the greates
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Consequentialist
People should make moral judgements based on the outcome or the consequence of an action
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Relativistic
There are no universal moral norms or rules and that each situation has to be looked at independently because each situation is different
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Rule utilitarianism
They believe that by using the principle of of utility, you can draw up general rules based on past experiences.
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Strong rule utilitarianism
They believe that any rules formulated and established through the application of the principle of utility should never be broken as they guarantee happiness for society
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Weal rule utilitarianism
That to break a rule may be the right cause of action if it is more likely to fulfil the principle of utility then keeping the rule
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vivisection
The practice of performing operations on live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research.
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Animal Aid
A charity that promotes animal welfare and argues against the use of animals for medical research
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Atomic Bomb
A bomb which derives its destructive power from the rapid release of nuclear energy
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Term used to describe ethical behavious

Back

Moral

Card 3

Front

An ethical system that believes there exists a standard of right and wrong that is fully and totally binding on all human beings

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A theory that is independent of personal view

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

An ethical system that believes there is no absolute right or wrong

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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