Enzymes

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How do enzymes speed up reactions?
They lower the activation energy, speeding up the rate of reaction
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What are the two models of enzyme action, and which is now considered innacurate and why?
The 'lock and key' model and the 'induced fit' model. The 'lock and key' model is now seen as innacurate as new evidence suggests that the enzyme-substrate complex changed shape slightly to complete the fit
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What is the shape of an active site determined by?
The enzyme's tertiary structure, which make sit complementary to a specific substrate. The tertiary structure can be altered by changes in ph or temperature
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What are the two ways to measure enzyme activity?
1) How fast the product is made 2) How fast the substrate is broken down. Both of these can help calculate the rate of reaction
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What are the 4 factors affecting enzyme activity?
Temperature-as this increases, so does the rate of reaction, up until the enzyme is denatured. pH-when at optimum pH for an enzyme, rate of reaction will increase. Substrate concentration/Enzyme concentration-rate increases as concentration does
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What are the 2 types of enzyme inhibitors?
Competitive-Have a similar shape to the enzymes complementary substrate, so blocks the active site. Non-competitve - bind to the allosteric sit wwhich cause the active site to change so it's no longer complementary to the substrate
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What is the definition of an enzyme?
A biological molecule that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up or altered themselves
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What is the optimum temperature for enzymes?
37 Degrees celcius
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Card 2

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What are the two models of enzyme action, and which is now considered innacurate and why?

Back

The 'lock and key' model and the 'induced fit' model. The 'lock and key' model is now seen as innacurate as new evidence suggests that the enzyme-substrate complex changed shape slightly to complete the fit

Card 3

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What is the shape of an active site determined by?

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Card 4

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What are the two ways to measure enzyme activity?

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Card 5

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What are the 4 factors affecting enzyme activity?

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