EMPA definitions Definitions for EMPA Written test 3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyBIOL6X EMPA definitionsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Catriona StobieCreated on: 24-04-14 14:22 Accuracy an accurate measurement which is close to the true value 1 of 27 Anomalous Data measurements that fall outside the normal or expected range of measured values 2 of 27 Calibration involves fixing known points and constructing a scale between these fixed points 3 of 27 Chance results due to luck 4 of 27 Confounding Variable a variable that may affect the outcome of the investigation aside from the independent variable 5 of 27 Control Experiment set up to eliminate certain possibilities, for example the influence of a confounding variable 6 of 27 Control Group treated exactly the same as the experimental group except for the factor being investigated to ensure validity 7 of 27 Correlation a relationship between two variables, may not be a causal one 8 of 27 Dependent Variable value of which is measured for each change in the independent variable 9 of 27 Double-Blind Trial A trial in which neither the patients or the experimenters know who is in the experimental group or the control group in order to avoid bias 10 of 27 Errors Cause readings to be different from the true value 11 of 27 Evidence Data or observations that are used to support a given hypothesis or belief 12 of 27 Fair Test Only the independent variable affects the dependent variable 13 of 27 Hypothesis Possible explanation of a problem that can be tested experimentally 14 of 27 Independent Variable altered by the experimenter 15 of 27 Null Hypothesis A clear hypothesis that can be tested in order to produce a statistic 16 of 27 Placebo Given to members of a control group to simulate an experimental condition 17 of 27 Precision Smallest scale division on the measuring instrument that is being used 18 of 27 Protocol Once an experimental method has been shown to produce valid and reliable results, it becomes a protocol used by other scientists 19 of 27 Random Distribution A distribution that arises due to chance 20 of 27 Random Errors Occur in an unpredictable way and may be due to human error or faulty equipment 21 of 27 Raw Data Instrument readings and any other data collected at the time of the investigation 22 of 27 Reliability Results can be repeated if the same experiment is carried out again 23 of 27 Systematic Errors Cause readings to be spread around some value other than the true value 24 of 27 True Value Accurate value found if quantity measured with no errors 25 of 27 Validity Only valid if measurements have been affected by a single independent variable only 26 of 27 Zero Errors Caused by instruments that have an incorrect zero 27 of 27
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