Through photosynthesis (carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen)
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Give an example of a food chain
Grass -> rabbit -> fox
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What is a producer?
An organism that makes food e.g algae
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What is a primary consumer?
The first consumer in the food chain
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What is the secondary consumer?
The second consumer in the old chain
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What is the tertiary consumer?
The third consumer in the food chain.
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What is a predator?
A predator is an animal that hunts and eats other animals.
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What is the prey?
The prey is the term for the animal that has been hunted by the predator.
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What is a quadrat?
A quadrat is used to isolate a specific area to collect samples.
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What is a transect?
A transect is a line across a specific area of study (habitat) so that the number of species or organisms that lie on it can be studied.
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What is a simple method to study the distribution of organisms in an ecosystem?
1) Lay a transect in the are of study 2) Randomly place a quadrat at 1 metre intervals away from the transect (up to 10 metres) 3) record how many organisms are in each quadrat 4) Record your results in a table 5) Plot your results in a graph and mak
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What is the equation used to calculate the population size of a species in a specific area?
Number of species in sample x total area (m^2) / sample area (m^2)
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What is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
A non living variable that can influence where organisms live.
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What is a biotic component of an ecosystem?
A living variable that can influence where organisms live.
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Give examples of materials that cycle through abiotic and biotic components in an ecosystem
Carbon, nitrogen, water. (atoms cycle between the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.)
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What is the importance of carbon to living organisms?
Organisms use carbon to respire and therefore produce oxygen.
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What is the process involved in the carbon cycle?
Photosynthesis
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Why are microorganisms important in cycling materials through an ecosystem?
Microorganisms play a role in helping to decompose dead organisms so that minerals and nutrients can be returned to the atmosphere to continue the cycle.
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What is the importance of the water cycle to living organisms?
The water cycle is important because it means that water can be recycled and that living organisms can always have clean water, it also regulates the weather patterns on our planet and if we ran out of clean water we would die.
At colder temperatures the rate of decay is lower because the organisms are less active so as the temperature increases the rate of decay increases and eventually decomposers die.
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How does water affect the rate of decay?
With no water decomposers can't survive so the rate of decay is very low as the amount of water increases so does the rate of decay.
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How does oxygen affect the rate of decay?
With no oxygen decomposers can't survive so the rate of decay is low. Oxugen is needed for many decomposers to respire and multiply. Some decomposes can survive without oxygen and they are used in biogas generators.
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Why do gardeners and farmers need to know about decay?
They need to know about decay because certain environments and temperatures etc, can result in faster decay which wouldn't be good in this situation.
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What is anaerobic decay?
Aaerobic decay is when microorganisms break down dead matter without oxygen this can occur naturally. Anaerobic decay is used in biogas generators.
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