This noun phrase includes an example of the absence of an apostrophe to mark possession on the modifier 'Kinges'.
1 of 16
'The King being then but nin yere old (...) as hiertofore hath ben used and cam to the palace of Westminster'
The third person present tense verb 'hath' contains the third person verb inflection 'th' which was obsolete by the end of the EME period. It was later replaced by the northern dialect -s inflection.
2 of 16
'I knew not'
The first person singular past tense negative verb phrase shows and example of an inversion of a negative verb phrase where the negator 'not' follows the lexical verb 'knew'. There is also the absence of the dummy auxiliary 'do' which we use in PDE.
3 of 16
'whear the Death of his father'
'Sir anthony brown'
The common noun 'Death' includes an example of random capitalisation, often used to show thematic importance in EME texts (instead of only at the start of a sentence/proper noun). EME texts also have erratic use of capitalisation for proper nouns.
4 of 16
'to be protectour of the realm and gouernour of the Kinges person during his minorite; to which al the gentlemen and ladies did agree'
Here there is an example of a semi-colon used where in PDE there would be a comma before the relative clause beginning 'to which'.
5 of 16
'Al this thinges'
Here a singular demonstrative determiner 'this' has been used with a plural noun 'thinges' where in PDE there would be a plural determiner (these).
6 of 16
'was first shewed him'
This is an example of the frequent use of passive forms in EME.
7 of 16
'Was made great preparacion'
Here there is the inversion of the grammatical subject (the noun phrase 'great preparacion') and the verb ('was made'). In PDE we have a typical subject verb order: Great preparacion was made.
8 of 16
'Here will I mention a thyng'
This subordinate clause demonstrates an inversion of the subject 'I' and auxiliary verb 'will' coming after the foregrounded adverbial 'here'.
9 of 16
'it will seeme but friuolous to diuers
readers which haue already trauelled in Italy'
Here the relative pronoun 'which' has been used for people, this became less common after this period and 'who(m)' would be more appropriate.
10 of 16
'I did obserue'
Here instead of the PDE 'I observed', the past tense has been constructed with the use of the auxiliary 'do' (it is an irregular verb in its past tense form here) and the base form verb 'observe'.
11 of 16
'both men and women of the country doe carry'
The auxiliary verb 'do' has been used here for this affirmative verb phrase, a common feature in verb phrases with no other auxiliary verbs in EME.
12 of 16
'Most of them are uery Elegant & Pretty things.'
Here the coordinating conjunction 'and' has been replaced with an ampersand (a logogram).
13 of 16
'nor euer intend to go thither while they liue, it will be a meere nouelty, I will
not let to passe vnmentioned a Custome I did obserue: the first Italian Fannes'
Here a colon has been used to mark the end of a sequence of embedded subordinate clauses before a new sentence where in PDE it would be a full stop.
14 of 16
'hauing some wytty Italian verses or fine emblemes
written vnder them: or of some notable Italian city with a briefe description thereof added
thereunto'
A colon has been used before the coordinating conjunction 'or' to mark out parallel post modifying prepositional phrases 'or fine emblemes...' and 'or of some notable...'
15 of 16
'the first Italian Fannes that I saw
in Italy did I obserue in this space betwixt Pizighiton and Cremona.'
Here there has been the inversion of the subject 'I' and auxiliary verb 'did' after the foregrounded object ('the first Italian Fannes')
16 of 16
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The third person present tense verb 'hath' contains the third person verb inflection 'th' which was obsolete by the end of the EME period. It was later replaced by the northern dialect -s inflection.
Back
'The King being then but nin yere old (...) as hiertofore hath ben used and cam to the palace of Westminster'
Card 3
Front
The first person singular past tense negative verb phrase shows and example of an inversion of a negative verb phrase where the negator 'not' follows the lexical verb 'knew'. There is also the absence of the dummy auxiliary 'do' which we use in PDE.
Back
Card 4
Front
The common noun 'Death' includes an example of random capitalisation, often used to show thematic importance in EME texts (instead of only at the start of a sentence/proper noun). EME texts also have erratic use of capitalisation for proper nouns.
Back
Card 5
Front
Here there is an example of a semi-colon used where in PDE there would be a comma before the relative clause beginning 'to which'.
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