Duck's Phase Model

what does duck thing a breakdown happens from compared to a regular view?

ppl think it's a 1 off event that just happens when partners leave rs but duck believes a rs dissolution is a process with several distinctive phases

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what is the first phase of rs breakdown?

.intra-psychic stage- a person admits to themselves that they are dissatisfied in a rs and will spend aa lot of time analysing reasons of d + ways to go forward, focuses on person's personal thought process which occurs before confronting partners

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whats the second stage?

.Dyadic stage-person confronts partner+voices their d, many complaints about partners commitment, etc and has the though that they would be 'justified by leaving the rs'

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what is the third stage?

.Social phase- if dispute kept private until now, partners tell their friends/fam and make break up public, in which friends/fam take sides making reconciliation between partners more difficult

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what happens after the break up? what is this term called?

partners consist their own side of the break up and what went down, usually minimising their faults and maximising the partners, to appear trustworthy/loyal to attract another partner (grave dressing- to start fresh/new)

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whats one piece of research examining DPM? (in grave dressing)
whats another piece of research examining DPM?

.grave dressing- Monroe et al found the dissolution of a rs is stressful, many ppl experience anxiety/depression whilst it happens
.taashiro+Faizer found if ex partners viewed situation responsible for breakup they viewed end of rs in positive light

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what was another stage that was found while examining DPM and who by?

Duck+Rollife found the resurrection stage where ppl move beyond pain/distress associated w rs and experience personal growth (+Tashiro+Fraizer found undergrad pp who had recent experience of break up experienced personal growth and other

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continuing w previous card

-emotional distress was lifted from the result of the dissolution

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whats another main piece of research in DPM and who studied it?

Lefebreve et al;
A- to investigate dpm
M- sample fo 208 college students who were regular social media/Facebook users, complete online q to measure use of social media during break up

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continuing w previous card

R- 22% of pp chose not to use fb as a way to talk about break up, 22% used it to update status ie 'single', 10% used fb to check on ex. a strategy was also used where pp would post photos to make sure ex saw it. or blocking/unfriending partner on fb

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continuing previous card

C- DPM directly applied to online behaviours of rs esp grave dressing and social stage of rs

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name the evaluations

-reliance of retrospective data ie q/I asks pp anti break up after it append, relies on memory with may not be accurate ie disturbed cuz rs broke so may not give reliable answers (+use prospective date instead)

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continuing w previous card

-ethical issues involved in investigating rs ie breaks privacy/confidentiality rules ie bad for victims who went through domestic abuse, issues of psych harm by triggering them about research
-affected by individual differences esp in relation

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continuing w previous card

-to age ie Dickson found found friends/relatives tend to see teen breakup as less serious as they're young compared to adult rs, therefore external confidantes may try to reconcile partners ie long term vs short term rs- effort put in differs

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continuing w previous card

-RWA esp in relation to couples counselling, couples are advised different strategies to take based on their rs and which phase of DPM they're in, ie duck recommends for a person in a intra-psychic stage to focus on positives of partners/rs

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continuing w previous card

(+can know when or when not to take relatives advice in social stage as they can be made aware how getting fam can damage rs more)

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Duck's Phase Model

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