Disaccharides

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  • Created by: zoolouise
  • Created on: 08-03-16 14:11
What are disaccharides made up of?
Two monosaccharides join together
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What is the type of bond that joins sugars together?
A glycosidic bond, it's a covalent bond.
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What reaction do monosaccharides join together in?
They join together in a condensation reaction because the end result is more condensed that the component monomers and water is produced as a by-product
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Where is Sucrose found and what are it's monosaccharide units?
Sucrose is found in plants such as sugarbeet and it's made up Alpha Glucose and Beta Fructose.
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Where is Lactose found and what are it's monosaccharide units?
Lactose is the carbohydrate found in milk and it's made up of Alpha Glucose and Beta Galactose.
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Where is Maltose found and what are it's monosaccharide units?
Maltose is found in germinating seeds and it's made up of Alpha Glucose and Alpha Glucose.
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What do condensation reactions need to bring the monomer units together?
They need an enzyme, specific for the reaction. e.g Maltase brings Alpha Glucose and Alpha Glucose together to make Maltose.
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What's the name of the reaction when the disaccharide is broken down?
A hydrolysis reaction. This means splitting water, and that's what would be needed in order to re-make the 2 monomer units. An enzyme would also be neede.d
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What is the process of testing for a sugar?
Add a sample to a test tube, add an equal amount of Benedict's solution. Heat the sample up. If it's positive it will be orange, if it's negative it will be blue.
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What are reducing sugars?
Reducing sugars are sugars that do react with Benedict's solution and display a positive result.
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What are non-reducing sugars?
Non-reducing sugars are sugars that don't react with Benedict's solution.
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Why is N.B Sucrose a non-reducing sugar?
N.B Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar due to where the glycosidic bond forms. It forms between the glucose and fructose molecules, therefore locking in them in an unreactive form, so they can't react with Benedict's.
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What's the solution for N.B Sucrose?
Heat sucrose with hydrochloric acid to break the glycosidic bond, leaving you with the component monomers. React these with Benedict's solution.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the type of bond that joins sugars together?

Back

A glycosidic bond, it's a covalent bond.

Card 3

Front

What reaction do monosaccharides join together in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where is Sucrose found and what are it's monosaccharide units?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where is Lactose found and what are it's monosaccharide units?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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