In statistics, a population is the whole set of items that are of interest
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A Census
A census observes or measures every member of the population
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A Sample
A sample is a selcetion of observations taken from a subset of the population which is used to find out information about the population as a whole
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Sampling Units
Individual units of a population are known as sampling units
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Sampling Frame
Often sampling units of a population are indivually named or numbered to form a list called a sampling frame
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A Simple Random Sample
A simple random sample of size n is one where every sample of size n has an equal chance of being selected
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Systematic Sampling
In systematic sampling, the required elements are chosen at regular intervals from an ordered list
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Stratified Sampling
In stratified sampling, the population is divided into mutually exclusive strata (e.g. males and females) and a random sample is taken from each
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Quota Sampling
In quota sampling, an interviewer or researcher selects a sample that reflects the characteristics of the whole poplation
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Opportunity Sampling
Opportunity sampling consists of taking the sample from people whoare available at the time the study is carried out who fit the criteria you are looking for
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Quantitative Variables
Variables or data associated with numerical observations are called quantitative variables/data
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Qualitative Variables
Variables or data associated with non-numerical observations are called qualitative variables/data
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Continuous Variable
A variable that can take any value in a given range is a continuous variable
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Discrete Variable
A variable that can take only specific values in a given range is a discrete variable
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Classes
When data is presented in a grouped frequency table, the specific data values are not shown - the groups are more commonly known as classes
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Class Boundaries
Class boundaries tell you the maximum and minimum values that belong in each class
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Midpoint
The midpoint is the average of the class boundaries
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The Class Width
The class width is the difference between the upper and lower clas boundaries
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A census observes or measures every member of the population
Back
A Census
Card 3
Front
A sample is a selcetion of observations taken from a subset of the population which is used to find out information about the population as a whole
Back
Card 4
Front
Individual units of a population are known as sampling units
Back
Card 5
Front
Often sampling units of a population are indivually named or numbered to form a list called a sampling frame
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