Who represented a new approach, labelling theory, within Sociology?
Howard Becker
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Which particular groups in society are the police said to target?
young unemployed men, generally from an ethnic minority or the working class
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Who did Cicourel (1976) study?
police and juvenile (probation) officers in California
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What did Cicourel find in his study?
Police officers held similar pictures of the 'typical delinquent' and young people who fitted this stereotype were more likely to be arrested
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What happened to the middle class minority who were arrested in Cicourel's study?
They were councelled, cautioned and released by juvenile officers
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What did Lemert (1972) make a distinction between?
primary and secondary deviance
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What did Lemert define primary deviance as?
deviant acts which haven't been publically labelled, these have little effect on our identity or status
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What did Lemert define secondary deviance as?
deviant acts which have been publically labelled, these have an effect on our identity or status
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What causes the creation of a master status?
The labelling of people as deviant
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What occurs when someone is given a master status?
It overides all other statuses, the individual is now only seen as a criminal.
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What can public labelling result in?
self-fulfilling prophecy
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Who did Jock Young study?
Hippie Marihuana users in Notting Hill during the 1960s
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What did Jock Young's study of the hippie marijuana users show?
The police targetting the hippie users, the act of marijuana use became of greater value to the group due to this targetting and a deviant subculture developed
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One advantage of labelling theory is...
It has drawn attention to the importance of labelling and shows how the process can develop deviant behaviour
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One advantage of labelling theory is...
It shows certain types of people are singled out for labelling
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One advantage of labelling theory is...
It shows that labelling results from the perceptions of the agents of social control
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One disadvantage of labelling theory is...
Deviance is not simply created by a label, people don't become burglars just because of a label.
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One disadvantage of labelling theory is...
It fails to explain why certain types of people are selected as likely deviants but not others
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One disadvantage of labelling theory is...
According to Becker, social groups create deviance by making rules whose infraction causes deviance, but who are these peoplle who make rules and why do they make them?
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Who did Chambliss study in 1973?
Saints and Roughnecks
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Why were the Saints not seen as delinquent in Chambliss' study?
They rarely came into contact with police as their deviant behaviour occured out of town
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Why were the Roughnecks seen as delinquent in Chambliss' study?
They were labelled as such by the police and local community as their deviance took place in the town
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How did the Saints negotiate their way out of police trouble
They used their cultural capital
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What occured over time to the Roughnecks?
A self-fulfilling prohecy took place and they accepted their negative label
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Which particular groups in society are the police said to target?
Back
young unemployed men, generally from an ethnic minority or the working class
Card 3
Front
Who did Cicourel (1976) study?
Back
Card 4
Front
What did Cicourel find in his study?
Back
Card 5
Front
What happened to the middle class minority who were arrested in Cicourel's study?
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