Core Areas of Psychology Bio-psychology Term One Keywords

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  • Created by: PsycSaph
  • Created on: 21-01-19 19:05
Aphasia
language disorder in specific brain region (Brocas areas)
1 of 98
Axon
transports information from soma to terminals
2 of 98
Astrocyte
‘star cell’ that holds neurons in place
3 of 98
Autonomic
controls heart, intestines and other organs
4 of 98
Autonomy
the structure of the brain
5 of 98
Anterior
towards the front of the brain
6 of 98
Anion
negatively charged ion
7 of 98
Action potential
brief electrical impulse that provides the basis for conduction of information along an anion
8 of 98
Acetycholine
learning, memory, attention
9 of 98
Apperceptive visual agnosia
patients do not gather elements together to make a ‘whole’
10 of 98
Associative visual agnosia
patients can ‘perceive’ the object but can’t name it
11 of 98
Action
series of movements that need to be accomplished to achieve a goal
12 of 98
Amnesia
loss or impairment in memory
13 of 98
Anterograde amnesia
inability to form new memories
14 of 98
Biological psychology
biological foundations of behaviour, emotions and mental processes
15 of 98
Broca
language controlled by specific regions
16 of 98
Brainstem
automatic movement
17 of 98
Basal ganglia
helps to produce the appropriate amount of force or grasping
18 of 98
Brain plasticity
is any change in neuronal structure or function
19 of 98
Cation
positively charge ion
20 of 98
Constructive
construct representation of the world
21 of 98
Cones
colour, daylight, tightly densely packed
22 of 98
Cross-modal corresponding
mapping between dimensions of a stimulus in different sensory modalities
23 of 98
Cardiac muscle
heart muscles that have properties of skeletal and smooth muscles
24 of 98
Cerebrum
control of movement
25 of 98
Cerebellum
regulate timing and accuracy of movement
26 of 98
Consolidation
make them stable
27 of 98
Dualism
both exist
28 of 98
Dendrites
receive the input of information from other neurons
29 of 98
Dorsal
towards the top
30 of 98
Dopamine
general arousing, movement
31 of 98
Dopamine hypothesis
excess of dopamine activity causes symptoms of schizophrenia
32 of 98
Electric signalling
conducting information within a neuron
33 of 98
Endogenous ligand
neurotransmitters and hormones occurring naturally in the body
34 of 98
Exogenous ligand
drugs and toxins from outside the body
35 of 98
Endorphins
opioids modulate pain, reduce stress
36 of 98
Encode
entering new information into memory
37 of 98
Explicit
episodic and semantic memories
38 of 98
Episodic
personal knowledge
39 of 98
Function
i.e. what it does
40 of 98
Frontal lobe
motor control, planning
41 of 98
Grey matter
cerebral cortex/ dendrites
42 of 98
Glutamate
formation of long term memory
43 of 98
Hierarchical
brain starts by processing most simple properties and works its way up visual hierarchy
44 of 98
Interneuron
link SN to MN in the CNS
45 of 98
Ion
an electrically charged molecule
46 of 98
Ion channel
a channel in the cell membranes that permits specific ions to enter or leave the cell
47 of 98
Interpretive
our brain interprets visual information
48 of 98
Implicit
procedural memories of skills
49 of 98
Lateral
away from the midline- the side
50 of 98
Learning
relatively permanent change in behaviour that results from experience
51 of 98
Monism
only one is real either the physical (materialism) or spiritual (idealism)
52 of 98
Motor neuron
CNS to muscles and glands
53 of 98
Microglia
protect brain from infection
54 of 98
Medial
towards the midline- middle
55 of 98
Membrane potential
the electrical charge across a membrane, the difference in electrical potential inside and outside the cell
56 of 98
Modular
specific areas of the brain deal with specific information
57 of 98
Movement
voluntary displacement of a body part in physical space
58 of 98
Mirror neurons
are active both during preparation for a movement and while watching someone else perform the same or similar movement
59 of 98
Memory
ability to recall or recognise
60 of 98
Neuropsychology
brain damage can tell us a lot about brain function and how it relates to structure
61 of 98
Neural plasticity
changes in the brain during development/adulthood caused by experience
62 of 98
Neuron
soma, dendrites, axon and terminal buttons
63 of 98
Noadrenaline
mental arousal
64 of 98
Neurogenesis
process by which new neurons are formed in the brain
65 of 98
Oligodendrocytes
support axon and produce myelin coating
66 of 98
Occipital lobe
visual
67 of 98
Phrenologists
tried to localise functions of the brain to structures based on bumps/shape of skull
68 of 98
Parasympathetic
facilitates vegetative nonemergency responses
69 of 98
Posterior
towards the back
70 of 98
Parietal lobe
touch, special representation, attention
71 of 98
Polarity
stimulus is experienced as ‘more than’, ‘less than’ another stimulus
72 of 98
Premotor cortex
produces complex movement sequences appropriate to task
73 of 98
Prefrontal cortex
is involved in planning of complex movement
74 of 98
Resting potential
balance of ions at rest
75 of 98
Rods
night, dark
76 of 98
Retrieval
reactivation of memory
77 of 98
Retrograde amnesia
inability to remember things from the past
78 of 98
Structure
the physical part
79 of 98
Sensory neuron
information from environment to CNS
80 of 98
Soma
contains nucleus, integrates input from received by neuron
81 of 98
Somatic
axon conveying messages from organs to CNS and CNS to muscles
82 of 98
Slice
little parts of the brain
83 of 98
Seretonin
related to mood
84 of 98
Sensory processing
interpreting information our senses receive from the environment
85 of 98
Smooth muscle
control the digestive system and other organs
86 of 98
Skeletal muscle
control the movement of the body in relation to the environment
87 of 98
Spinal cord
important for automatic movements and reflexes
88 of 98
Supplementary motor cortex
organises rapid sequence of movement in a specific order
89 of 98
Semantic
facts and knowledge
90 of 98
Schizophrenia
meaning ‘to split’ and ‘the mind’
91 of 98
Terminal buttons
communicates information from axon to another neuron
92 of 98
Temporal lobe
hearing, memory
93 of 98
Universality
all or most individuals share the same pattern of correspondences
94 of 98
Ventral
towards the bottom
95 of 98
Voltage-gated ion channel
an ion channel that opens or closes according to the value of the membrane potential
96 of 98
White matter
axons
97 of 98
Working memory
holding information in the mind – in awareness
98 of 98

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

transports information from soma to terminals

Back

Axon

Card 3

Front

‘star cell’ that holds neurons in place

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

controls heart, intestines and other organs

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

the structure of the brain

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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