Computer Science Paper 1 Specification Key Cards

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  • Created by: mugmaniac
  • Created on: 14-05-22 11:15
What is a subroutine?
A subroutine is a set of instructions stored under one name that can be called at any time in the program to carry out those instructions
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Benefits of using subroutines
- Cut down on repeated code
- Makes the code more readable
- Can help to make the code reusable.
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Drawbacks of using Global Variables
- They can unintentionally affect other parts of the program or be affected.
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What is the adv and dis of merge sort?
Adv:
More efficient and quicker than the bubble sort for bubble sorts.
Consistent running time regardless of how ordered the list.
Dis:
- If its already sorted , it goes though the whole process.
- It uses more memory than the bauble sort because of addit
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What is the Adv and Dis of Bubble Sort?
Adv:
- Its a simple algorithm that can be easily implemented.
- It's and efficient way to check if it is already in order
- Not as much memory used
Dis:
- Inefficient way to sort a list.
- Pretty slow against larger lists.
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What is a definite iteration and a Indefinite iteration?
An indefinite iteration does not have a set end loop and does the loop until it is false while, an definite loop does it a certain number of times always.
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for x in range(0,5):
print ("h
i")
how many times will hi be printed out?
5 times

(you can find out of how many times it repeats itself by doing end - start.
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What is MOD and DIV in python?
MOD is % and DIV is //
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What are the 6 comparison operators?
== (compare)
!= (not equal)
> (greater than)
< (less than)
>=(greater than or equal to)
<= (less than or equal to)
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What is structured programming?
Structured programming involves breaking down into smaller, more manageable tasks called modules.
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Advantages of structured programming.
- Testing is easier
- Modules can be reused in the future
-
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What is Robust Coding?
Robust coding is if it takes an input it wasn't expecting and will less likely to fail.
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What are Syntax Errors and Logic Errors?
Syntax errors are errors which break the grammatical rules of the program.

Logic error are errors which produce unexpected outputs.
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What are the 5 types of validation?
Type Check (Data type)
Range Check
Presence Check (Blank or not)
Format Check (the input is in the correct format)
Length Check (Min/Max of characters)
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What is High level Language and Low level Language?
Low level language is an assembly language and is a lot more harder to understand and to write. such as Binary, but is fast to execute and memory efficient.

High level languages is written in languages such as Python, C++ etc. It is a lot more easier to
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What is an Assembler and disadvantages and Advantages of using it?
Translates code in low level assembly language into machine code.
Adv:
- No need for translation software at run time
- Speed of execution is quick.

Dis:
- Hard to write code in assembly.
- Code needs to be reassembled when the code is changed.
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What is an Compiler?
Translates source code from high-level languages into object code and then into code to be ready processed by the CPU.

The whole program is translated into machine code before it is run.
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Disadvantages and Advantages of using a Compiler?
Adv:
- No need for translation software at run time.
- Code is usually optimised
Dis:
- Source code is easier to write in high level languages but won't run with syntax errors
- Code needs to be recompiled when code is changed
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What is an Interpreter?
Translates source code from high level languages into machine code ready to be processed by the CPU.
The program is translated line by line as the program is running.
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Disadvantages and Advantages of using a Interpreter?
Adv:
- Easy to write source code, stopping when it finds a syntax error
- Code does not need to be recompiled when code is changed and it is easy to try out commands when the program has paused after finding an error.
Div:
- Translation software is needed
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How is source code translated.
Assembly language is translated through an assembler into machine code.

A High level language is translated through an interpreter to machine or a compiler then a object code into machine code.
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What is a Pixel?
- A single point in a graphical image
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How many characters can ASCII use as well as extended?
ASCII uses 128 characters and uses 7 bits in a byte for a character, while extended uses 8 bits and represents 256 characters
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What does Unicode and Ascii have in common.
Uses same codes as ASCII until 127
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Where can binary shifts be used?
Can be used to perform multiplication or division such as a binary shift of one left, is multiplying by 2, 2 left shift is four and so on.
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What is pixel short for?
Picture element
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What is a sample?
Is a measure of amplitude at a point in time.
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What is RLE?
Run Length Encoding, is a type of lossless compression, that coverts frequent values into code consisting of characters and their frequency.
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What is Lossless compression?
- Works by temporarily removing the data to store the file and then restores it to its original state when opened, used on TIFF, FLAC and PNG.
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What is lossy compression?
Works by permanently removing data from the file this limits the number of bits the file needs and so reduces the size.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Lossy.
Adv:
- Greatly reduced file size.
- Commonly used
Div:
- Lossy compression loses data.
- Can't be used on text or software files.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Lossless
Adv:
- Data is only removed temporarily so no reduction in quality
- Lossless files can be decompressed - turned back into the original.
Div:
- Only a slight reduction in file size, so lossless files still take up quite a bit of space on your device.
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What is the Sample Rate?
Sample rate is how many samples you take in a second and is measured in hertz.
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What is the Sample resolution?
Sample resolution is the number of bits available for each sample.
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What will happen if you increase the sample rate?
The analogue recording is sampled more often, so the sampled sound will be better quality and closely match the original recording.
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What will happen if you increase the sample resolution?
If you increase the sample resolution it can pick up more quieter sounds and in a result will be more closer to the quality of the original recording.
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What is Normal data?
Sensible, valid data that the program should be able to accept and be able to process.
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What is Boundary Data
Valid data that falls at the boundary of any possible ranges
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What is erroneous data?
Invalid data that the program cannot process and not accept.
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What is System Software
System software is any software that assists with the running or management of the computer system.
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What is Application Software?
Application software is any software added to the system that enables the user to perform a task.
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What is a substring?
a substring is a sequence of letters in a string, usually picked by doing.
string[3:5]
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Benefits of using subroutines

Back

- Cut down on repeated code
- Makes the code more readable
- Can help to make the code reusable.

Card 3

Front

Drawbacks of using Global Variables

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the adv and dis of merge sort?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the Adv and Dis of Bubble Sort?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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