COASTS

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Rocks bounce against each other and over time, become smaller
attrition
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Rocks grind against the bottom platform
abrasion
2 of 60
Water crashing against the coastline causing it to erode
hydraulic action
3 of 60
Chemicals in the water erode the rocks
solution
4 of 60
Waves enlarge cracks in rocks, vibrations erode
wave quarrying
5 of 60
Fine sediment carried in the water
solution
6 of 60
Rocks rolled along the seabed
traction
7 of 60
Bigger rocks carried in the water
suspension
8 of 60
Rocks bounce along the seabed
saltation
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Type of weathering e.g acid rain
chemical
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Type of weathering e.g plant roots, animals burrowing
biological
11 of 60
Type of weathering e.g freeze thaw
mechanical
12 of 60
Low frequency, strong swash and weak backwash wave
constructive
13 of 60
High, steep, high frequency wave, strong backwash and weak swash
destructive
14 of 60
The periodic rise and fall of the ocean surface
tides
15 of 60
The general flow of water in one direction
current
16 of 60
Lengths of coastline which are self-contained for the movement of sediment
sediment cell
17 of 60
Bands of different rock type run perpendicular to the coast
discordant
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Bands of different rock type run parallel to the coast
concordant
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Global change in the volume of water in the seas/oceans
eustatic
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Local change in the sea level, relative to the land level
isostatic
21 of 60
Examples: rias, fjords and dalmatian coastlines
submergent
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Examples: raised beaches, relict cliffs
emergent
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When the sun and moon are at a right angle to each other
neap tide
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When the sun and moon are aligned, combining gravitational attractions
spring tide
25 of 60
Concrete, reflect wave back to sea
sea wall
26 of 60
Fences built at right angles to coast, trapping material carried in LSD
groyne
27 of 60
Boulders piled up along coast, absorbing wave energy
rip rap
28 of 60
Slanted structures built at the foot of the cliff
revetment
29 of 60
Rock filled cages at foot of cliff
gabion
30 of 60
Concrete blocks or boulders, forcing waves to break offshore
breakwater
31 of 60
Mounds of earth act as a barrier to prevent erosion
earth bank
32 of 60
Built across river estuaries with retractable flood gates
tidal barrier
33 of 60
Management without building any artificial structures
soft engineering
34 of 60
Management that is human based, using hard materials
hard engineering
35 of 60
Sand and shingle added to beaches from elsewhere, creates larger beach
beach nourishment
36 of 60
Sand dunes created or restored by either nourishment or stabilisation
dune regeneration
37 of 60
Allowing the coast to move back to a certain point
managed retreat
38 of 60
Shoreline Management Plan
SMP
39 of 60
Inter Coastal Zone Management
ICZM
40 of 60
Region in southwest Bangladesh and east India
sundarbans
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Stretch of coastline from Flamborough Head to Spurn Point
holderness
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Length of Holderness Coast
61km
43 of 60
Levels of erosion per year at Holderness
2m per year
44 of 60
Levels of erosion per year at Great Cowden
10m per year
45 of 60
How much of Holderness Coast is protected by hard engineering (KM)
11.4km
46 of 60
System is balanced, inputs and outputs are equal
dynamic equilibrium
47 of 60
Narrow coastal landform created by LSD and deposition
spit
48 of 60
The drop of material by the sea
marine deposition
49 of 60
The drop of material by the wind
aeolian deposition
50 of 60
Inputs and outputs are in a constant state of change but remain balanced
dynamic equilibrium
51 of 60
A spite connected to an island
tombolo
52 of 60
Beach formed parallel to coast - submergent
offshore bar
53 of 60
Submergent - appearance of islands parallel to coast
dalmatian
54 of 60
A flooded U-shaped valley
fjord
55 of 60
A flooded V-shaped valley
ria
56 of 60
Crescent shaped indentations that form on beaches of mixed sand and shingle
cusp
57 of 60
Small ridges that mark the successive high tides
berm
58 of 60
Nearshore, swash zone, surf zone, breaker zone
coastal zones
59 of 60
The distortion of wave fronts as they approach the indented shoreline
wave refraction
60 of 60

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Rocks grind against the bottom platform

Back

abrasion

Card 3

Front

Water crashing against the coastline causing it to erode

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Chemicals in the water erode the rocks

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Waves enlarge cracks in rocks, vibrations erode

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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