Circulatory System

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  • Created by: lh1002
  • Created on: 15-05-16 17:49
What are the properties of a capillary?
1. Where gas exchange takes place- Oxygen goes to tissues and Carbon Dioxide goes to blood, 2. Microscopic- only one cell thick, 3. Very low blood pressure, 4. Have no valves, 5. Have very thin walls for the gas exchange
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What are statins?
Medication which reduces the amount of cholesterol the body makes. This is a treatment for Coronary Heart Disease, mainly treating cases caused by genetics
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What are stents?
A treatment for Coronary Heart Disease if the patient has been experiencing heart attacks or angina. This widens the lumen of the artery.
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What are the percentages of each substance in the blood?
55% Plasma, 44.5% Red Blood Cells, under 1% White Blood Cells and Platelets
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What do the veins do?
Carry blood TOWARDS the heart
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What do arteries do?
Carry blood AWAY from the heart
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What type of blood vessel is the aorta?
An artery
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What type of blood vessel is the vena cava?
A vein
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What is the role of a valve?
To prevent the back flow of blood
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What are the properties of a vein?
1. Carries DE-OXYGENATED blood TO the heart, 2. Thin walls, 3. Larger passageways than arteries, 4. Low blood pressure, 5. Have valves
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What kind of blood does the pulmonary artery carry?
De-oxygenated
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What kind of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?
Oxygenated
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What are the properties of an artery?
1. Carries OXYGENATED blood away from the heart, 2. Have thick walls, 3. Have high blood pressure, 4. No valves, 5. Small passageways
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Why may arteries become blocked? (Coronary Heart Disease)
Fatty materials become blocked in the arteries due to high cholesterol. This could be down to a bad diet or genes
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What is the main function of blood?
It transports substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products and hormones to different parts of the body
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What is the function of the larynx?
Vibrates to make sound- (the voice box)
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What is the function of the trachea?
Carries air in and out of the lungs, it is supported by rings of cartilage to allow air through
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What is a valve replacement?
A treatment for Coronary Heart Disease which replaces a valve which will prevent the back flow of blood
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Explain the journey of a red blood cell.
De-oxygenated blood from body enters through Vena Cava into R Atrium. It is pumped to R Ventricle, through Pulmonary Artery to lungs. O(2) blood returns through Pulmonary Vein. Enters L Atrium, is pumped through L Ventricle and out of aorta to body.
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What is the function of the bronchus?
Carries air in and out of lungs
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What is the function of the alveoli?
A microscopic sack for gas exchange
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What is the function of the diaphragm?
Large muscle to help with ventilation in the lungs
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1. Where is oxygen made? 2. Why is is present in the body? 3. Where does it go?
1. Point of entry is the lungs, 2. Needed for respiration, 3. All cells in the body
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1. Where is carbon dioxide made? 2. Why is is present in the body? 3. Where does it go?
1. All cells in body. 2. Made from respiration in cells, 3. Lungs
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1. Where is glucose made? 2. Why is is present in the body? 3. Where does it go?
1. Small intestine, 2. Needed for respiration, 3. All cells in body
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Where does the blood go once it has entered the atrium?
The left or right ventricle
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Where does oxygenated blood leave the left ventricle?
Through the aorta
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Where does the left atrium receive blood from?
Through the pulmonary vein
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In which state is plasma?
Liquid
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What is the job of plasma?
To carry nutrients (glucose, amino acids and fatty acids), antibodies, hormones and waste (urea and carbon dioxide)
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Why are red blood cells in a biconcave shape?
So they have a large surface area for exchanging oxygen
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Why don't red blood cells contain a nucleus?
To allow more space for haemoglobin
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What is haemoglobin?
A substance in red blood cells which binds with oxygen
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What is the job of platelets?
To help the blood clot at the site of a wound.
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What don't red blood cells have?
A nucleus
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How does blood transport substances around the body?
Through the circulatory system- carries oxygen and glucose to the muscles and takes carbon dioxide away from them
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What is blood made up of?
Plasma, Platelets, White Blood Cells and Red Blood Cells
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What is the job of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
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Where does blood leave the right ventricle?
Through the pulmonary artery
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Why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker than the wall of the right ventricle?
It has to pump blood around the whole body, not just the lungs
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What side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
Right
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What side of the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body?
Left
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What kind of blood does the right atrium receive and where from?
De-oxygenated blood from the body, through the Vena Cava
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What type of circulatory system do humans have?
Double circulatory
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What do the two different circuits in the double-circulatory system do?
One pumps de-oxygenated blood to the lungs, where it becomes oxygenated. The blood returns to the heart. The other pumps oxygenated blood to the body. This blood gives oxygen to body cells and the de-oxygenated blood returns to the heart
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What is the job of white blood cells?
To fight infection and protect your body against foreign substances and micro-organisms.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are statins?

Back

Medication which reduces the amount of cholesterol the body makes. This is a treatment for Coronary Heart Disease, mainly treating cases caused by genetics

Card 3

Front

What are stents?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the percentages of each substance in the blood?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What do the veins do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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