CIE IGCSE ICT module 1

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  • Created by: Rhys Owen
  • Created on: 28-03-13 08:29
What is hardware?
The physical components that you can touch and that make up a computer system. eg. A monitor, speakers, a mouse and a microprocessor.
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What is software?
The set of instructions that run on the processor to make the computer do something
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What are the two types of software?
System software & appications software
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What is system software?
The operating system - the collection of software which controls the computer and makes it do what it does
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What are the two types of applications software?
General-purpose (eg. Word-processors, database programs & graphics programs) & special-purpose software (eg. Payroll, weather forecasting & accounts)
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What is the difference between General-purpose & Special-purpose software?
General-purpose software can be used for more than one specific use
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What is a computer?
A device designed to process information or control a system
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Computers consist of four different types of devices. What are these?
Input devices, output devices, storage devices & the processor
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What is a processor?
A device which does something with the data given by the input device
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What is a storge device?
Something that keeps all the data and the software used
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What is Random Access Memory (RAM)?
Temporary memory (volatile), the contents of which will be lost when the computer is turned off
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What does RAM store?
The data and programs currently being used by the computer
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What is Read Only Memory (ROM)?
Permanent memory (non-volatile) written when the ROM chips are manufactured.
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What does ROM store?
The software to boot up the computer.
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What is the smallest unit of Computer storage?
A bit (binary digit)
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How many bits in a byte? How many bytes in a KB (kilobyte)?
8 bits in a byte. 1024 bytes in 1KB. 1024KB in 1MB (Megabyte). 1024MB in 1GB (Gigabyte). 1024GB in 1TB (terabyte.)
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What is backing storage? Give some examples...
Used to store programs and data when computer is turned off. Eg. Pendrives, external harddrives & CD-ROMs
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One part of the operating system is the user-interface. What are the two types of interface in an operating system?
Graphical user interface (GUI) & Command-line interface (CLI)
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What is the difference between a Graphical user interface & a Command-line interface?
GUIs use windows, icons, a mouse and a pointer (WIMP) eg windows 7. CLIs require you to type in certain commands and are more difficult to use.
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Name the six main types of computers...
Mainframes, Pc's, Laptops, Palmtops, PDA (personal digital assistant) & smartphones
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is software?

Back

The set of instructions that run on the processor to make the computer do something

Card 3

Front

What are the two types of software?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is system software?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the two types of applications software?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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