Childhood
0.0 / 5
- Created by: TabithaNash16
- Created on: 28-01-21 17:08
What is a pre-industrial children society?
This is where children were 'little adults' so they took part in work and the same activities as adults
There were no toys and games
Children were regarded as an economic asset
There were no toys and games
Children were regarded as an economic asset
1 of 25
What is a industrial children family 1780s onwards?
Children worked to bring home money
No education
No childrens act
No education
No childrens act
2 of 25
What was the mid 19th century like for children?
Adults became concerned of children begging on the streets and for child prostitution
Children were banned by law from working in factories and mines where they were killed
Working class parents resisted changes as they were dependant on their children
Children were banned by law from working in factories and mines where they were killed
Working class parents resisted changes as they were dependant on their children
3 of 25
Why did things start to change for children in the mid 19th and 20th century?
Laws restricting child labour and excluding children from paid work
Factory Act 1802
Compulsory schooling in 1880 and raising of school leaving age
Welfare Acts - Child Protection 1889 Cruelty to Children Act
Economic market started directing to children
Factory Act 1802
Compulsory schooling in 1880 and raising of school leaving age
Welfare Acts - Child Protection 1889 Cruelty to Children Act
Economic market started directing to children
4 of 25
What is class difference - industrialisation?
children from working class families still work in mines and factories
whereas
middle class attitudes started to change and parents started to invest emotionally into their children
whereas
middle class attitudes started to change and parents started to invest emotionally into their children
5 of 25
What was the 20th century child centredness?
improved standards of living which led to decline in infant morality rates
higher standard of living - children are expensive
increased availability of contraception so fewer children
childhood and adolsence now seen as different categories
higher standard of living - children are expensive
increased availability of contraception so fewer children
childhood and adolsence now seen as different categories
6 of 25
What are some western notions about childhood?
Name some scholars...
Name some scholars...
Pilcher 1995 Childhood - seperatness from adult world through laws and rules
Childhood was seen as a 'golden age' of innocence and happiness
Childrens lived in family and education sphere, protected and nurtured
Wagg 1992 - socially constructed experienc
Childhood was seen as a 'golden age' of innocence and happiness
Childrens lived in family and education sphere, protected and nurtured
Wagg 1992 - socially constructed experienc
7 of 25
What was the conflict view put about by Marxists?
Teach working class children to work, proletariat men need something to control, "childhood" feeds consumerism and keeping up with trends, childhood should be fun, need to socialise into a false class conciousness, patriarchal ideology reproduced through
8 of 25
What was the conflict view put about by feminists?
should socialise in a false class conciousness, patriarchal ideology reproduced through family and learnt at childhood, gender appelation, manipulation and canalisation OAKLEY, childhood learnt via gendered roles
9 of 25
What is the consensus view put about by functionalists?
Mother at home, children create stable adult personalities, teaches gender roles for later on (expressive and instrumental), "childhood" secures nuclear family they dont want damage through divorce, children at school so parents can work, view childhood a
10 of 25
What is the march of progress perspective?
Argues over past few centuries position of children in western societies has been steadily improving and better than ever
11 of 25
March of Progress perspective
What did De Mause 1974 say?
What did De Mause 1974 say?
"History of childhood a nightmare only begun to wake up now. Further back in history one goes, the lower the level of childcare and the more likely children are to be killed, abandoned, beaten, terrorised or sexually abused"
12 of 25
How has childhood improved?
Laws in place
protection of children in place
a lot more opportunities for children now than there was
protection of children in place
a lot more opportunities for children now than there was
13 of 25
How is childhood still not improving?
Children all over the world dont have equal opportunities
in poverty childrens lives havent changed loads - no equal opportunities
not everywhere has free education
still child abuse
in poverty childrens lives havent changed loads - no equal opportunities
not everywhere has free education
still child abuse
14 of 25
What did Phillip Aries say about the social construction of childhood?
Had an extreme view on childhood as a social construction
Argues that in the middle ages the idea of childhood didn't exist and they weren't seen as different to adults
He used portraits to show that from the middle ages
Argues that in the middle ages the idea of childhood didn't exist and they weren't seen as different to adults
He used portraits to show that from the middle ages
15 of 25
What was the critiques of Aries research methods?
Pictures and portraits dont depict every single family situation and not all children even had photos
The painting is through someone elses opinion so this is the third person so that reduces the validity
wealthy families are the minority
The painting is through someone elses opinion so this is the third person so that reduces the validity
wealthy families are the minority
16 of 25
What scholar critiques Aries methods?
Pollock 1983 - argues he is wrong as the middle ages did have childhood it was just different from today
17 of 25
What is age patriarchy?
Children cant make rational choices they are made by their parents
18 of 25
Statistics on neglect and abuse...
1 in 5 adults 18-74 experienced at least on form of child abuse according to the Crime Survey of England and Wales
19 of 25
What did Bocock say about childhood (marxists view)?
Claims modern childhood facilitates capitalists goals by creating new consumers
20 of 25
What is marxist's view?
children are very important to modern capitalists
Capitalists need people to buy the goods it produces
Therefore we have to have a new construct of childhood in the Western World
Capitalists need people to buy the goods it produces
Therefore we have to have a new construct of childhood in the Western World
21 of 25
What did postman 1994 say about childhood?
childhood is disappearing at a dazzling speed
similar clothes to adults now
same rights as adults now
reason for this is the rise and fall of print and tv culture
similar clothes to adults now
same rights as adults now
reason for this is the rise and fall of print and tv culture
22 of 25
What was the evaluation of Postman?
he was critcised for overstating his case:
- childhood is a long way from disappearing
- children have become a major economic force so the market needs them
- childhood is a long way from disappearing
- children have become a major economic force so the market needs them
23 of 25
What did Opie say about childhood and who does he disagree with?
Disagrees with Postman
childhood is not disappearing but he argues that there is strong evidence of the continued existence of a seperate childrens culture
childhood is not disappearing but he argues that there is strong evidence of the continued existence of a seperate childrens culture
24 of 25
What did Palmer 2006 say about childhood?
Toxic childhood
computer games, junk food, long work by parents have changed childrens developments
children are being deprived of traditional childhood and family life
every year children become more distractable, impulsive and self obsessed they are le
computer games, junk food, long work by parents have changed childrens developments
children are being deprived of traditional childhood and family life
every year children become more distractable, impulsive and self obsessed they are le
25 of 25
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a industrial children family 1780s onwards?
Back
Children worked to bring home money
No education
No childrens act
No education
No childrens act
Card 3
Front
What was the mid 19th century like for children?
Back
Card 4
Front
Why did things start to change for children in the mid 19th and 20th century?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is class difference - industrialisation?
Back
Related discussions on The Student Room
- Moving Away »
- AQA A Level Sociology Paper 2 (7192/2) - 9th June [Exam Chat] »
- AQA A Level Sociology Paper 2 (7192/2) - 4th June 2024 [Exam Chat] »
- Sociology Help Thread »
- anyone else feel like they wasted university? tell me your story »
- The influence of adverse childhood experiences on hypothetical criminal intentions »
- Virgin Shaming, and You »
- Student loan calculation unfair? »
- Recruit participants for dissertation survey »
- my boyfriend is Muslim and i'm Catholic »
Similar Sociology resources:
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
3.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings
Comments
No comments have yet been made