The social construction of childhood
- Created by: 11pyoung
- Created on: 06-05-17 13:27
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- The social construction of childhood
- Childhood in pre-industrial society
- Philippe Aries
- What children experience today as childhood is a recent social invention or construction
- Philippe Aries
- Childhood and industrialisation
- Chapman
- It wasn't until the 19th century that childhood became socially constructed as a significant life transition that required particular forms of nurturing, supervision and discipline
- Chambers
- The idea of a 'protected or sheltered childhood' became very popular in the late 19th century
- Chapman
- A child-centred 20th century
- Cunningham
- A child centred society has three major features
- Childhood is viewed as the opposite of adulthood
- The social worlds of adults and children and physically and symbolically separated
- Childhood is associated with certain rights
- A child centred society has three major features
- Cunningham
- Childhood as a relative experience
- Sharpe, Oakley and Fine
- Boys and girls are socialised into a set of behaviours based on cultural expectations about masculinity and femininity
- McRobbie
- Girl's experience of childhood may differ from boys because parents see them as in need of greater protection from the outside world
- McHale et al
- Where families have limited budgets, they are more likely to invest in activities that enhance development for their sons than for their daughters
- Donzelot
- Poor families and their children at more likely to be controlled by the state
- Nelson
- Rich parents excessively interfere in the lives of their children in terms of guidance and shaping their experience of childhood
- Ghumann
- Generational conflict between Asian parents and children exist, especially over fashion, dating and marriage, n=but it is often resolved through compromise
- Sharpe, Oakley and Fine
- Theoretical approaches to childhood
- The conventional approach
- Melanie Phillips
- The culture of parenting in the UK has broken down and the 'innocence' of childhood has been undermined by liberal ideas and politics and the media.
- Postman
- TV exposes children to the adult world too soon
- Melanie Phillips
- Feminism
- Walter
- Parents and families are unwittingly endorsing the objectification of women's bodies through their choice of toys and dress for girls
- Walter
- Social action theory and childhood
- Valentine
- Children and adults often fight over the 'right to independence'
- Drotner et al
- Children's use of new media has led to childhood becoming privatised, as adolescents are separated from adult and family life
- Valentine
- Postmodernism and childhood
- Giddens
- Late modernity has seen a transformation of intimacy, which has led to more democratic relationships within the family
- Giddens
- The conventional approach
- Childhood in pre-industrial society
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