Each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, electrons in atoms have a ... Each spins at the same rate in either anti/clockwise direction.
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Card 8
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Electrons can only occupy the same orbital if they have opposite or
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Card 9
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When a sub-shell is fully occupied the arrangement is called ... a particularly stable arrangement (Ar and Kr are only temporarily full).
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Card 10
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s,p,d and f sub-shells are divided further into ... - an electron in a given .... can be found in a particular region of space around the nucleus.
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Card 11
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1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p4 and or more appropriately except ... and ... where it is 4s1.
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Card 12
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the condition of being dissociated into ions (as by heat or radiation or chemical reaction or electrical discharge). an input of energy is always needed to remove electrons because they are attracted to the nucleus.
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Card 13
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can be represented by this - X(g) → X+ (g) + e_ As energy increases the levels become more closely spaced, until they converge. After this point,which corresponds to the electron escaping from the atom, the electron is free to move around with any e
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Card 14
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When one electron is pulled out of an atom, the energy required is called this. We define this of an element as the energy needed to remove one electron from every atom in one mole of isolated gaseous atoms of the element.
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Card 15
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The filled shells between the outer shell and nucleus shield the positively charged nucleus from the outermost electron - reducing its attraction. Easier to remove.
