More than on can be taken (excluding hydrogen) so there are .... referring to the energies required to take a further electron. Enthalpies increase as successive electrons are removed as remaining electrons will be more attracted to the nucleus
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Card 17
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X+(g) → X2+(g) + e_
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Card 18
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X2+(g) → X3+(g) + e_
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Card 19
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X3+(g) → X4+(g) + e_
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Card 20
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Removing an electron from any element in solid state is very difficult. So, while removing an electron the solid state is converted to the gaseous state and hence, its easy to remove an electron from gaseous state due to weak intermolecular or inter
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Card 21
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Metal atoms cannot achieve the stable electron arrangement of noble gas. Insead outer shell electrons are shared by all the atoms in a sea/pool of delocalised electrons - conduct electricity because of this. (Regular array of positive ions included a
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Card 22
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When metals react with non-metals in a chemical reaction the metal atom transfers electron(s) to the non-metal atom so that all atoms end up with a full outer shell. Results in the formation of charged ions. (Has to be energetically favourable).
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Card 23
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Many compounds containing only non-metallic elements. (not energetically favourable to form ions). Electrons are shared between the atoms in the compound as a result it is more stable. The two are held together because of the positively charged nucle
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Card 24
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Both bonds in a dative covalent bond come from the same atom.
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Card 25
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A large uniformed group of Ions that are fixed together through Electrostatic Attraction.
