chemistry definitions 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistrydefinitionsASAQA Created by: Fallen_Angel_9Created on: 04-05-14 10:42 atomic number the number of protons in the nucleus 1 of 35 mass number the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus 2 of 35 isotope atoms of the same elements having the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons 3 of 35 first ionization energy the enthalpy change in forming 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions from a mole of gaseous atom X(g) --> X+ + e 4 of 35 relative atomic mass (average mass per atom of an element x 12) / mass of one atom of carbon 12 5 of 35 relative formula mass (average mass of a molecule X 12) / mass of one particle per mole 6 of 35 avogadro's number the number of particles per mole 7 of 35 mole the amount of substance containing the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12.00g of carbon 12 8 of 35 empirical formula the simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound 9 of 35 molecular formula the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound 10 of 35 % atom economy (mass of desired product / total mass of reactants) x 100 11 of 35 % yield (actual yield/theoretical yield) x100 12 of 35 electronegativity the power of an atom to withdraw an electron density fro a covalent bond 13 of 35 structural isomerism molecules having the same molecular formula but different arrangements in space 14 of 35 homologous series group of chemicals having : 1- the same general formula 2- same functional group 3- same chemical properties 15 of 35 functional group atom or group of atoms in a molecule that is responsible for the chemical properties of this molecule 16 of 35 saturated containing only c-c single bonds 17 of 35 unsaturated containing one or more C=C bond 18 of 35 hydrocarbon containing hydrogen and carbon only 19 of 35 cracking a process that converts large hydrocarbons into smaller ones by breaking C-C bonds 20 of 35 complete combustion reaction in excess oxygen 21 of 35 incomplete combustion reaction with restricted supply of oxygen so that some products have the potential to react further with oxygen 22 of 35 green house gas a gas in the atmosphere that absorbs infra red radiation reflected form the earth 23 of 35 global warming he warming of the atmosphere as a result of greenhouse gases absorbing reflected radiation 24 of 35 covalent bond shared pair of electrons 25 of 35 co-ordinate bond covalent bond (shared pair of electrons) where both electrons are from one atom 26 of 35 ionic bond electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions 27 of 35 metallic bond attraction between positive metal cations and a sea of delocalised electrons 28 of 35 polar bond a covalent bond with an unequal share of electrons between the atom so that it has d+ and d- 29 of 35 polar molecule (dipole) a molecule with d+ and d- 30 of 35 intermolecular force a force of attraction between neighbouring molecules 31 of 35 dipole dipole force attraction between two polar molecules 32 of 35 enthalpy of formation the enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard state 33 of 35 enthalpy of combustion the enthalpy change when one mole of substance is completely combusted under standard conditions 34 of 35 hess's law if a reaction can occur by more than one route, the overall enthalpy change is independent on the route taken 35 of 35
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