Chemistry

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  • Created by: emilynxn
  • Created on: 13-05-15 06:52
Matter
Anything the has mass and occupies space.
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Matter can exist in which states?
Solid, Liquid and Gaseous
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Particle arrangement of soild
Closely packed, fixed position.
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Particle arrangement of liquid
Fairly closely packed, not fixed positions
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Particle arrangement of Gas
widely spaced, move independently.
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Properties of Metals
Malleable, ductile, not brittle, good conductors of electricity and heat, high melting points and solids at room temperature (except mercury).
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Properties of Non-metals
Not malleable, not ductile, poor conductors of electricity and heat, brittle, low melting points.
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Semi-metals
They contain properties of both metals and non-metals.
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Evidence of Chemical Reactions
Colour change, bubbling/ gas produced, coating formed on metal, temperature change, precipitate formed, cloudy liquid, solid disappears (doesn't dissolve but reacts).
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Carbon dioxide test
Lime water test
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Oxygen test
Glowing splint test
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Hydrogen test
Pop test
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Physical Change
Change is state
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Chemical Change
Change in chemical composition, hard to reverse.
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Ionic Compounds
Metal and a non-metal, cross and drop.
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Covalent Compounds
2 non-metals, use the name of substance.
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Balancing Equations
Make the same numbers of substances on each side of the equation.
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Sedimentation
Solid particles settle in the bottom of the container.
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Filtration
Undissolved solid particles are separated with filter.
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Centrifuging
A spinning motion separates mixture of different densities.
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Solution
One or more components of mixture dissolve more readily in solvent.
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Crystallization
Components have different solubilities and crystallize in water.
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Distillation
Separation by boiling and condensing.
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Froth Flotation
Crushed ore is mixed with water. When air is blown through the mixture, the froth carries the minerals to the top while the 'rock' sinks to the bottom.
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Chromatography
Pass the mixture over substance and mixture absorbs at different strengths, with different strengths.
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Mono
1
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Di
2
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Tri
3
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Tetra
4
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Penta
5
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Hexa
6
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Hepta
7
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Hydrochloric Acid
HCl
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Sulfuric Acid
H2SO4
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Discovery of Metals
Un-reactive metals were discovered first because they could be found unreacted with other elements. Reactive metals were found later using advanced technology.
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An alloy is classified as as...
Mixture.
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Reactions with Oxygen
Most elements react with oxygen to form a metal oxide. They need to be stored in oil.
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Reactions with Water
Most elements don't react with cold water, but lithium, potassium, sodium and calcium do. Use the pop test.
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Reactions with Dilute Acid
Metal+Acid-> Salt+Hydrogen, Most metals that don't react with water will react to dilute acid.
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Reduction
Gaining a negative electron (always on the left side of equation).
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Oxidation
Losing a negative electron and becoming positive (always on the right side of equation)
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Metal Lattice
Conducts electricity because it has free electrons.
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Covalent Molecular
Weakest bond.
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Covalent Network
Strongest bond.
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High Melting Point Means...
Strong Bond
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Solid, Liquid and Gaseous

Back

Matter can exist in which states?

Card 3

Front

Closely packed, fixed position.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Fairly closely packed, not fixed positions

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

widely spaced, move independently.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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