Chemistry Key Words 1
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- Created by: BitziBoo
- Created on: 15-09-18 11:25
A species that releases H+ ions in solution
Acid
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The amount of product obtained from a reaction
Actual Yield
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Containing carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains
Aliphatic
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Containing no water moldecules
Anhydrous
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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Number
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The number of atoms per mole of the C-12 isotope
Avogadro constant
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Compound containing only 2 elements
Binary
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H+ acceptor
Bronsted Lowry Base
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Contains a positively charged carbon atom
Carbocation
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Carbon attached to 4 different atoms/groups of atoms
Chiral Carbon
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System isolated from its surroundings
Closed system
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Accepts a proton to form a conjugate acid
Conjugate base
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Elimination reaction where water is removed to make an unsaturated molecule
Dehydration
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Redox reaction where the same element is both oxidised and reduced
Disproportionation
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Atom or group of atoms which is attracted to an electron rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
Electrophile
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Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
Empirical formula
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Heat content stored in a system
Enthalpy
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Carboxylic acid reacts with alcohol to form an ester and water
Esterification
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Area of the IR spectrum below 1500cm-1 that gives a characteristic pattern for different compounds
fingerprint region
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Part of organic molecules responsible for chemical reactions
functional group
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3D structure of atoms bonded together by strong covalent bonds
giant covalent lattice
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vertical column in periodic table
group
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time taken for concentration of a reactant to half
half life
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Equilibrium where the reactants and products have different states
heterogenous
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Hydrogen and carbon only
hydrocarbon
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First stage in a radical reaction - covalent bond is broken by homolytic fission
initiation
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atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
isotopes
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outer shell pair of electrons not involved in bonding
lone pair
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phase that moves in chromatography
mobile phase
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volume per mole of gas molecules at a stated temperature and pressure
molar gas volume
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combines with many others to form a polymer
monomer
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charge is equal across the molecule
non polar
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loss of electrons/increase in oxidation number
oxidation
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takes electrons from another species
oxidising agent
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bond formed by the sdeways overlap of 2 p-orbitals, with the electron density above and below the plane of the bonding atoms
pi bond
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repeating trend in properties of the elements across each period of the periodic table
periodicity
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ion containing more than one atom
polyatomic ion
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alcohol group attached to a carbon attached to only one other carbon atom
primary alcohol
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species with an unpaired electron
radical
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continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture back into the original container to ensure the flask doesn't boil dry
reflux
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reaction that can take place n both the forwards and backwards directions
reversible
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hydrocarbon with single bonds only
saturated hydrocarbon
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group of atomic orbitals with same principal quantum number, or main energy level
shell
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simplified organic formula showing carbon skeleton and associated functional groups
skeletal formula
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solution of known concentration
standard solution
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acid that dissociates fully in solution
strong acid
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group of orbitals of the same type within a shell
sub shell
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volume added from the burette when the volume of one solution has exactly reacted with the other solution
titre
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the ease at which a liquid turns into a gas. Increases as boiling point decreases
volatility
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water molecules that are bonded into a crystalline structure of a compound
water of crystallisation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The amount of product obtained from a reaction
Back
Actual Yield
Card 3
Front
Containing carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains
Back
Card 4
Front
Containing no water moldecules
Back
Card 5
Front
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Back
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