Chemistry 3.8 - Equilibrium Constants - Flashcards in A Level and IB Chemistry

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Created by: Tashaleese_99
Created on: 21-04-17 15:24

What is Kp?

It is the equilibrium constant involving partial pressures and can only be used for reactions involving gases.

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State Le Chatelier's principle.

'If a system at equilibrium experiences a change, then the position of equilibrium will shift to reduce that change.'

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What affects the values of Kp and Kc?

TEMPERATURE ONLY.

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Concentration will affect the position of equilibrium. If the concentration of reactants increases...

The position of equilibrium will shift to the right to produce more product.

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If the concentration of products increases...

The position of equilibrium will shift to the left to make more reactants.

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Pressure will affect the position of equilibrium. If the pressure is increased, when you have an equation with 4mol on the LHS and 2mol on the RHS...

The position of equilibrium will shift to the right, where there are fewer gas molecules, to reduce the pressure.

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If the pressure is decreased, when you have an equation with 4mol on the LHS and 2mol on the RHS...

The position of equilibrium will shift to the left, where there are more gas molecules, to increase the pressure.

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For an exothermic reaction, if the temperature is increased...

The position of equilibrium will shift to the left to favour the endothermic reaction. This will increase the number of reactants and so decrease the values of Kp and Kc.

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For an endothermic reaction, if the temperature is increased...

The position of equilibrium will shift to the right to favour the endothermic reaction. This will increase the number of products and therefore increase the values of Kp and Kc.

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AN INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE WILL FAVOUR...

THE ENDOTHERMIC REACTION.

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A DECREASE IN TEMPERATURE WILL FAVOUR THE...

EXOTHERMIC REACTION.

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Equation to calculate mole fractions?

M.F = (number of moles)/(total number of moles)

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Equation to calculate partial pressures?

P.P = Mole fraction x total pressure

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

State Le Chatelier's principle.

Back

'If a system at equilibrium experiences a change, then the position of equilibrium will shift to reduce that change.'

Card 3

Front

What affects the values of Kp and Kc?

Back

Card 4

Front

Concentration will affect the position of equilibrium. If the concentration of reactants increases...

Back

Card 5

Front

If the concentration of products increases...

Back

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Chemistry 3.8 - Equilibrium Constants