Science Assessment3Yr8
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- Science
- Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions, CatalystsChemical/Physical Reactions,Combustion, Fuels,Thermal DecompositionBreathing, Respiratory System, Gas Exchange, Lung Diseases
- Years 7-9 (KS3)
- None
- Created by: Roewelyn Morales
- Created on: 23-02-23 16:41
What are exothermic reactions?
Exothermic reactions transfer
energy to the surroundings
This heat energy makes the
surroundings heat up - the
temperature increases
energy to the surroundings
This heat energy makes the
surroundings heat up - the
temperature increases
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What are examples of exothermic reactions?
Examples of exothermic reactions
Combustion
Neutralisation
Respiration
Combustion
Neutralisation
Respiration
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What are endothermic reactions?
Endothermic Reactions
Endothermic reactions take
in energy from the
surroundings
This makes the surroundings
cool down - the temperature
decreases
Endothermic reactions take
in energy from the
surroundings
This makes the surroundings
cool down - the temperature
decreases
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What are examples of endothermic reactions
Examples of endothermic reactions
Photosynthesis
Bath bombs
Thermal
decomposition
Photosynthesis
Bath bombs
Thermal
decomposition
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What happens to the temperature in an exothermic
reaction?
reaction?
Increases
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What happens to the temperature in an endothermic
reaction?
reaction?
Decreases
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In an exothermic reaction
the reactants have more
energy than the products
The difference in energy is
the heat energy transferred
to the surroundings
the reactants have more
energy than the products
The difference in energy is
the heat energy transferred
to the surroundings
In an endothermic reaction
the products have more
energy than the reactants
The difference in energy is
the heat energy taken in
from the surroundings
the products have more
energy than the reactants
The difference in energy is
the heat energy taken in
from the surroundings
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What reaction is breaking bonds ?
endothermic-heat energy is taken in
from the surroundings
from the surroundings
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What reaction is making bonds?
exothermic - heat energy released to
the surroundings
the surroundings
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What is a summary of exothermic?
Energy is transferred to the surroundings,Temperature increases,Reactants have more energy than the products,More energy is released in bond making than is taken in in bond
breaking
breaking
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What is a summary of endothermic?
Energy is taken in from surroundings, Temperature decreases, Reactants have less energy than the products, More energy is taken in in bong making than is released in bond breaking.
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What is catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance that:
Speeds up a reaction
Is not used up in the reaction
Is chemically unchanged after the reaction has
finished
Speeds up a reaction
Is not used up in the reaction
Is chemically unchanged after the reaction has
finished
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Catalyst summary
Catalysts increase the rate of reaction
After a chemical reaction, the mass of a catalyst will be the same
You need a small amount of a catalyst for it to work
A specific catalyst can be used for a specific reaction
Catalytic converters turn nitrogen oxid
After a chemical reaction, the mass of a catalyst will be the same
You need a small amount of a catalyst for it to work
A specific catalyst can be used for a specific reaction
Catalytic converters turn nitrogen oxid
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What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts. They speed up chemical
reactions that happen inside living organisms.
reactions that happen inside living organisms.
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What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element
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What is a element?
A substance made up of only one type of
atom
atom
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What is a compound?
Two or more elements chemically joined
together
together
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What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms chemically joined
together
together
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What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is a change in which atoms are rearranged to make new substances. They involve breaking and making of chemical bonds and are not easily reversed. An example is combustion.
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What is a physical reaction?
In a physical change no new substances are made. They are usually easy to reverse. Examples include changes of state.
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How do we know that a chemical
reaction has happened?
reaction has happened?
Colour change
Temperature change
Bubbling or fizzing
A solid being formed (precipitate)
Temperature change
Bubbling or fizzing
A solid being formed (precipitate)
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What is combustion?
Combustion is the scientific name for burning
It is a chemical reaction were a fuel reacts with
oxygen. It is an exothermic reaction because energy
is released to the surroundings.
It is a chemical reaction were a fuel reacts with
oxygen. It is an exothermic reaction because energy
is released to the surroundings.
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What is complete combustion?
Complete combustion happens when there is excess
oxygen
Word equation:
Fuel + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
oxygen
Word equation:
Fuel + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
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What is incomplete combustion?
Incomplete combustion happens when there is
insufficient oxygen. It forms carbon monoxide or carbon
(soot) as well as water.
It releases less energy than
complete combustion
Carbon monoxide is toxic
insufficient oxygen. It forms carbon monoxide or carbon
(soot) as well as water.
It releases less energy than
complete combustion
Carbon monoxide is toxic
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Fuel
A fuel can be thought of as a concentrated source of
energy. The energy is stored in the fuel as chemical
energy. When the fuel is burnt, thermal energy and
light energy is released.
energy. The energy is stored in the fuel as chemical
energy. When the fuel is burnt, thermal energy and
light energy is released.
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What makes a good fuel?
Gives out a lot of heat
Easy to light
Burn with a clean flame
Burn steadily
Easy to transport
Easy to light
Burn with a clean flame
Burn steadily
Easy to transport
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What is the Respiratory System made of?
Alveoli, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Diaphragm, Lungs, Mouth, Nasal Passage, Trachea
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What happens when you inhale?
Air moves in.
Pressure in the chest cavity decreases.
Intercoastal muscles contract.
Ribcage pulled up and out.
Volume in chest increases.
Diaphragm moves down.
Pressure in the chest cavity decreases.
Intercoastal muscles contract.
Ribcage pulled up and out.
Volume in chest increases.
Diaphragm moves down.
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What happens when you exhale?
Air moves out.
Pressure in the chest cavity increases.
Intercoastal muscles relax.
Ribcage pulled down and in.
Volume in chest decreases.
Diaphragm moves up.
Pressure in the chest cavity increases.
Intercoastal muscles relax.
Ribcage pulled down and in.
Volume in chest decreases.
Diaphragm moves up.
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What are short term affects of smoking?
Awful breath
Reduced fertility
Weaker immune system
Continuous cough
Reduction in taste and smell
Yellowish shade on teeth and fingers
Negative affects in women and theirbaby
Reduced fertility
Weaker immune system
Continuous cough
Reduction in taste and smell
Yellowish shade on teeth and fingers
Negative affects in women and theirbaby
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What are long term affects of smoking?
Circulatory problems
Lung diseases
Heart disease
Cancers:lung,mouth,throat,stomach,bladder,
cervix and more
Miscarriage
Ulcers
Premature aging
Lung diseases
Heart disease
Cancers:lung,mouth,throat,stomach,bladder,
cervix and more
Miscarriage
Ulcers
Premature aging
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What are 3 other substances cigarette smoke contains that are bad?
Carbon monoxide, nicotine, particulates
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Why does smoking make you cough?
Tar covers the cilia cant get rid of mucus properly. The mucus sticks to the airways, which makes you cough more.
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What is asthma?
In the bronchioles of someone with asthma, The muscles tighten, the lining becomes swollen and excess mucus is produced.
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What are the symptoms of an asthma attack?
Symptoms:
Wheezing
Coughing that won't stop.
Very rapid breathing.
Chest tightness
Wheezing
Coughing that won't stop.
Very rapid breathing.
Chest tightness
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How many people suffer from asthma?
300 million people
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What ‘system’ in your body does it affect?
Respiratory system
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What can trigger asthma?
Causes:
Pollen, pets, mold and dust mites.
Chest infections.
Tobacco smoke.
Inhaling cold, dry air.
Pollen, pets, mold and dust mites.
Chest infections.
Tobacco smoke.
Inhaling cold, dry air.
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What happens to the smooth rings of muscle and mucus when you have an attack?
They inflame
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How can an attack make you feel?
Struggle to breathe
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How can you prevent an attack?
Use an inhaler
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What do inhalers do?
It delivers medication to your lungs that open up the airways.
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What are the two types of respiration in humans?
Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
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How does energy from respiration help us?
The energy from respiration helps us keep warm. The energy from respiration helps us contract our muscles to move. The energy from respiration helps us to build molecules so we grow.
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What is aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration is the use of oxygen and glucose to release energy.
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What is fermentation?
The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are examples of exothermic reactions?
Back
Examples of exothermic reactions
Combustion
Neutralisation
Respiration
Combustion
Neutralisation
Respiration
Card 3
Front
What are endothermic reactions?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are examples of endothermic reactions
Back
Card 5
Front
What happens to the temperature in an exothermic
reaction?
reaction?
Back
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