Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic: complex Prokaryotic: smaller and simpler
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What are prokaryotic organisms?
1. prokaryotic cells (single celled organisms)
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What extra organelles do plant cells have?
1. Cell wall with plasmodesmata (channels) 2. Vacuole 3. Chloroplasts
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Description of plasma membrane
1. found on the surface of animal cells 2. Inside the cell wall of plant cells + prokaryotic cells 3. Made of mainly lipids and proteins
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Function of plasma membrane
1. Regulates movement of substances into and out of the cell. 2. Receptor molecules which allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones.
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Description of cell wall
1.A rigid structure that surrounds plant cells. 2. Mainly made of the carbohydrate cellulose
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Function of cell wall
Supports plant cells
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Description of nucleus
1. Large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope 2. nuclear envelope contains many pores 3. contains chromatin 4. contains nucleolus
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Function of nucleus
1. controls the cells activities 2. pores in nuclear envelope allow substances to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm. 3. Nucleolus makes ribosomes
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Description of Lysosome
A round organelle surrounded by a membrane
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Function of Lysosome
contains digestive enzymes
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Description of ribosome
1. very small organelle 2. made up of proteins and RNA 3. NO membrane
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Function of ribosome
the site where proteins are made
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What does RER stand for
rough endoplasmic reticulum
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Description of RER
1. A system of membranes enclosing fluid filled space. 2. surface is covered with ribosomes
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Function of RER
folds and processes proteins that have been made at the ribosome
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Description of SER
A system of membranes enclosing a fluid filled space
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Function of SER
Synthesizes and processes lipids
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Description of vesicle
1.A small fluid filled sac in the cytoplasm 2. surrounded by a membrane
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Function of vesicle
1. Transports substances in and out of the cell. 2. some are formed by the golgi apparatus or endoplasmic reticulum 3. others are formed at the surface of the cell
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Description of golgi apparatus
1. A group of fluid filled membrane boud flattened sacs 2. vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs
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Function of golgi apparatus
1. processes and packages new lipids and proteins 2. Makes lysosomes
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Description of mitochondrion
1. usually oval shaped 2. double membrane
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function of mitochondrion
1. site of aerobic respiration where ATP is produced
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Description of Chloroplast
1. small flattened structure 2. surrounded by a double membrane 3. also contains thylakoid membranes which form grana 4. grana are linked together by lamelle
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Desciption of centriole
1. small hollow cylinders 2. made of microtubules
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Function of centriole
Separation of chromosomes during cell division
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Description of cilia
1. small hair like structures found on the surface membrane
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What does a cross section of cilia look like?
1. outer membrane 2, ring of nine pairs of protein microtubules and a pair in the middle.
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Function of cilia
1. microtubules allow the cilia to move. 2. moves substances along the cell surface
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Description of flagellum
like cilia but longer
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Function of flagellum
1. microtubules contact to make the flagellum to move 2. propels cells forward
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